1 2 3 4 Comparison Structural Design Stainless Steel and Carbon Steel Calculating the Deflections of Stainless Steel Beams ASTM A694 F42 F46 F48 F50 F52 F56 F60 F65 F70 End of life vehicles ELV European directive on mercury, lead, cadmium and hexavalent chromium CEN Identification of Aluminium Alloys Copper Wire Size C38500 Free Cutting Brass Alloy 385 – Properties and Applications Steel Bolts Strength Specification British Standard Strength of Steel Thermoplastics – Physical Properties Measuring Surface Finish Surface Finish Texture Symbols Metals listed in order of their properties Corrosion Process Cold Rolling Physical Metallurgy of Cold Rolling Cold Rolling Manufacturing Process Degree of Cold Work Foil Rolling Rolling-Metalworking Type of carbon steel Hot Working Hydraulic Precision Tubes Pipes and Hydraulic Hoses ISO Tolerances For Fasteners ISO Tolerance Chart|Machining Process associated with ISO IT Tolerance Grade Passivation of Stainless Steels Welding and Post Fabrication Cleaning for Construction and Architectural Applications…

1 2 3 4 Welding Process and Letter Designations ASTM Material Specification Fitting Flange Cast Forging Valve Work Hardening Aluminium Alloys Brass and Arsenical Brass Alloy – Properties and Applications Non-Ferrous Modulus of Elasticity Stainless Steel Tensile and Proof Stress Of Metric Bolts and Screws Examples of Identifying Surface Texture Requirements on Drawings Surface Texture Equivalents Definition Of Mechanical Properties Corrosion Resistant Material Corrosion of Piping Hot Rolling History Hot Rolling Application Type of Hot Rolling Mill Hot Rolling Process Hot Rolling Carbon steel Drawing Drawn Draft State Standard and Oil and Gas lines Standard Steel Tube Pipe Classification Typical Yield Strength Yield strength & Yield point Elements in the annealed state DOM CDS HFS ERW HREW CREW Tube Pipe Alloy 400 Properties and Corrosion Resistence Calculate of wall thickness of pipe Benifits of using stainless steel pipe Differences between Pipe and Tube Cleaner Iron Production with Corex Process Table…

1 2 3 4 Sand Mold Casting Tolerances Casting Metal Casting Processes Comparison Table Metal Casting Comparison Table ASTM Valve Standard Machining Machinability of Stainless Steel Machining Stainless Steel Tool Geometry Heat Treatable Aluminium Alloys Gilding Metal Copper Alloy – Properties and Applications Young’s Modulus Elastic Modulus Carbon Steel Tensile Strength of Metric Nuts Electrical Discharge Machining EDM Roughness Comparator Costs of different metals used in mechanical engineering Surface Coatings for Corrosion Stainless Steel Tube Fitting Modern production methods of steel Rolling Mill Steel Mill Deforation Mechanics & Elongation Zinc Coatings Hot rolled stainless steel Application of computer simulation and full-scale testing in research of premium tread consnection tubing and casing TU 14-3R-55-2001 Steel pipes for high pressure boilers Common names for chemicals and selection of appropriate stainless steel grades Selection of stainless steels for handling acetic acid (CH3COOH) Selection of stainless steels for handling sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) Selection of…

1 2 3 4 Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing Material Test Certificate Export ASME SA213 TP304 Stainless Steel Bright Annealing Tube Specifications Standard for Aluminium Alloys Chemical Compostion of Brass Alloy External Thread Shear Area Calculator Calculation Ductility Carbon Steel – Tensile and Proof Stress Of Metric Bolts and Screws Sheet Metal Gauge Size Data Temperature Effects on Metal Strength Bi- Metallic Corrosion. (Galvanic Corrosion) Recycling of Steel Pipe and Tube Bender Super-Duplex Stainless Steels and their characteristics Bend Testing The Difference Between Yield Strength and Tensile Strength Rockwell Rockwell Superficial Brinell Vickers Shore Hardness Conversion Table Carbon Low Alloy Steel and Cast Steel Hardness Conversion Table ASTM A556M ASME SA556 Seamless cold drawn steel feedwater heater tubes Stainless Steel for Hardness and Corrosion Resistance ASTM E112 Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size Select Materials for Heat Exchanger Tubes with Substantial Pressure difference Martensitic Stainless Steel for Knife Applications…

1.4948 Stainless Steel Tube Features:1.4948 Stainless Steel is heat-resistant steel, with good bending, welding process performance, corrosion resistance, high durability and structural stability, cold deformation ability is very good. The use temperature is up to 650 °C and the oxidation temperature is up to 850 °C. Application:It is used to manufacture heat exchanger tubes for super-generator boilers, reheater tubes, steam pipes and petrochemicals. The allowable oxidation temperature for boiler tubes is 705°C. Related standards: EN 10216-5 1.4550 Stainless Steel Tube: Features:1.4550 is a stable austenitic heat-strength steel. It has good heat strength and resistance to intergranular corrosion, good welding performance, and good corrosion resistance in alkali, seawater and various acids.1.4550 and 1.4908/347HFG in higher elevated temperature allowable stresses for these stabilized alloys for ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications. Application:Heat exchangers for large boiler superheater tubes, reheater tubes, steam lines and petrochemicals. The allowable oxidation temperature in boiler tubes is 750 °C. Related…

1.4301 stainless steel is low carbon chromium nickel stainless and heat resisting steel somewhat superior to Type 302 in corrosion resistance. 1.4541 stainless steel is known as stabilized grades of stainless steel, is Chromium nickel steel containing titanium. Recommended for parts fabricated by welding which cannot be subsequently annealed. Also recommended for parts to be used at temperatures between 800°F and 1850°F (427 to 816°C), have good properties resistance to intergranular corrosion. The titanium element in 1.4541 stainless steel makes it more resistant to chromium carbide formation. 1.4541 stainless steel is basically from 1.4301 stainless steel. They different by a very very small addition of Titanium. The real difference is their carbon content. The higher the carbon content the greater the yield strength. 1.4541 stainless steel has advantages in high temperature environment due to its excellent mechanical properties. Compared with 1.4301 alloy, 1.4541 stainless steel has better ductility and resistance…

Austenitic grades are those alloys which are commonly in use for stainless steel applications. The austenitic grades are not magnetic. The most common austenitic alloys are iron-chromium-nickel steel and are widely known as the 300 series. The austenitic stainless steel tube, because of their high chromium and nickel content, are the most corrosion resistant of the stainless steel group providing unusually fine mechanical properties. They cannot be hardened by heat treatment, but can be hardened significantly by cold-working. Straight Grades The straight grades of austenitic stainless steel pipe contain a maximum of 0.08% carbon. There is a misconception that straight grades contain a minimum of 0.035% carbon, but the spec does not require this. As long as the material meets the physical requirements of straight grade, there is no minimum carbon requirement.“L” Grades The “L” grades are used to provide extra corrosion resistance after welding. The letter “L” after a stainless steel tubing type indicates low carbon (as in 304L). The carbon…

Gauge Size | Pipe Schdule | Nominal Pipe Size | Sheet Metal Gauge | Stainless Steel Pipe Size | Stainless Steel Tube Size | Stainless Steel Pipe Specification | Stainless Steel Pipe Dimensions | ANSI Pipe Chart | Inch to mm Chart | EN 10253 4 Structural Dimensions of fittings ISO 5251 ISO 3419 | Stainless Steel Tubing Sizes Stainless Steel Pipe Sizes include Gauge Size decide the wall thickness,Pipe Schdule according to ASME B36.10M, give us the OD size and wall thickness. Nominal Pipe Size similar with Pipe Schdule. ANSI Pipe Chart. How old were you when you learned that a “2 by 4” isn’t a piece of lumber that measures 2 inches by 4 inches? Have you ever been told that 11/8-inch pipe doesn’t exist? Using the correct terminology when ordering material (or fittings, tools, or other items that must be used with these materials) can save a lot of time, headaches, and money! Many products have a name that for convenience only approximates the material’s size. These are sometimes referred to as nominal dimensions. TubingChina describes nominal…

Application of Stainless Steel Tubes and Stainless Steel Pipe Stainless Steel Pipe and Tubes shall be used for high temperature and corrosion resistant requirements relating to the following applications at Petrol-Chemical industries: Condensate Flare System, Lube Oil, Seal Oil, Process Chemicals, Inhibitors, Process Condensate, Wet Process Gas, Chemical Injection Services, Raw Sea Water Stainless Steel Tubing and Pipes shall not used for services such as: Hydroschloric acid, Sulfuric acid, Waste Water and produced water, Crude oil containing more than 25% water, other corrosive water. Our seamless stainless steel pipe and nickel alloy tubing are mainly used in the following industries: Heat Exchanger Tubes/Condenser Tube/Feed Water Heater Tube/LP & HP Heater Tube/Super Heater Tube/ Evaporator TubeChemical Fertilizer IndustryChemical and Petrochemical industry,Power Generation and Environmental technologiesOil and Natural Gas LNG applications,Mechanical and plant engineeringConstruction and Building, Automotive industry Civil Nuclear PowerInstrumentation TubingPulp and Paper Make IndustriesChemical FiberFood processing industry Sanitary Tubes, Coal gasificationEnvironmental protection,Aerospace industry In the Stainless…

Carbon steel suffer from ‘general’ corrosion, where large areas of the surface are affected. Stainless steel tubes in the passive state are normally protected against this form of attack, however, localised forms of attack can occur and result in corrosion problems. The assessment of corrosion resistance in any particular environment, therefore, usually involves a consideration of specific corrosion mechanisms. These mechanisms are principally: Other related mechanism can also occur, which include: Localised corrosion is often associated with chloride ions in aqueous environments. Acidic conditions (low PH) and increases in temperature all contribute to localised mechanisms of crevice corrosion and pitting corrosion. The addition of tensile strength, whether applied by loading or from residual stress, provides the conditions for stress corrosion cracking (SCC). These mechanisms are all associated with a localised breakdown of the passive layer. A good supply of oxygen to all surface of the steel is essential to maintaining the passive layer but higher levels of chromium, nickel, molybdenum & nitrogen all help…

Structural Carbon Steel | Structural Alloy Steel | Spring Steel | Rolling Bearing Steel | Free-machining Steel | Anti-friction Steel | Carbon Tool Steel | Alloy Tool Steel | High Speed Tool Steel | Stainless Steel | Heat-resisting Steel Steel is a term used for iron to which between 0.02 to 1.7% carbon has been added. The old definition of steel used to be something like “it rusts and it sinks in water.” This material comprises the most diverse group of alloys and applications in the metals world. If there is something that needs to be made, there probably is a steel alloy that it can be made of. Steel does, of course, have poor corrosion resistance, but its relatively low cost and ease of painting make it a common choice. The numbering system for steel is actually one of the few things in the metals industry that seems to make sense. You can determine…

In our product programme we offer our customers two classes of Stainless Steel grades that have an excellent resistance to corrosion stainless steel Austenitic-ferritic Duplex stainless steel are characterised by their excellent mechanical qualities, particularly their high stress corrosion cracking resistance. They are especially well-suited for maritime applications and in the chemical industry. Their excellent resistance to corrosion enables them to withstand a chloride medium, particularly under mechanical stress. This makes them superior to austenitic steel in many cases. The category of austenitic corrosion resistant stainless steel tubing primarily includes materials with higher alloys (e.g. nickel, chrome and molybdenum). They are resistant to different types of corrosion caused by wet chemical influences, and are still able to maintain an austenitic face centred cubic matrix. This creates a range of highly versatile stainless steel. Although one of the main reasons why stainless steel are used is corrosion resistance, they do in fact suffer from certain types of corrosion in some…

Grade 316Ti stainless steel tube has been traditionally specified by German engineers and users with the Werkstoff number 1.4571. Type 316Ti is an improved corrosion resistant Chrome-Nickel steel alloy with high content of Molybdenum and some Titanium. It is not a typical free machining grade and therefore not recommended for difficult high speed machining process 316Ti grade is essentially a standard carbon 316 type with titanium stabilisation and is similar in principle to the titanium stabilisation of the 304 (1.4301) type to produce 321 (1.4541). The addition of titanium is made to reduce the risk of intergranular corrosion (IC) following heating in the temperature range 425-815 °C. Intergranular corrosion When austenitic stainless steel are subject to prolonged heating in the temperature range 425-815 °C, the carbon in the steel diffuses to the grain boundaries and precipitates chromium carbide. This removes chromium from the solid solution and leaves a lower chromium content adjacent to the grain boundaries. Steel in this condition are termed ‘sensitised’. The grain boundaries become prone to preferential atack on subsequent exposure to…

Nickel Alloy Grade Nickel Alloy Density / Nickel Alloy Specific Gravitykg/dm³ ALLOY C-276 UNS N10276 (Hastelloy C276) 8.89 ALLOY B2 UNS N10665 (Hastelloy B2) 9.22 ALLOY B3 UNS N10675 (Hastelloy B3) 9.22 ALLOY 20 UNS N08020 (carpenter 20) 8.00 ALLOY 20CB (carpenter 20Cb) 8.00 ALLOY 20CB3 (carpenter 20Cb3) 8.05 ALLOY 200 UNS N02200 (Nickel 200) 8.89 ALLOY 201 UNS N02201 (Nickel 201) 8.89 ALLOY 400 UNS N04400 (Monel 400) 8.80 ALLOY K-500 UNS N05500 (Monel K-500) 8.44 ALLOY 600 UNS N06600 (Inconel 600) 8.47 ALLOY 601 UNS N06601 (Inconel 601) 8.11 ALLOY 625 UNS N06625 (Inconel 625) 8.44 ALLOY 718 UNS N07718 (Inconel 718) 8.19 ALLOY 751 (Inconel 751) 8.22 ALLOY X-750 UNS N07750 (Inconel X-750) 8.28 ALLOY 800 UNS N08800 (Incoloy 800) 7.94 ALLOY 800H UNS N08810 (Incoloy 800H) 7.94 ALLOY 825 UNS N08825(Incoloy 825) 8.14 Related References:Nickel Alloy TubeNickel Alloy Pipe Weight CalculatorNickel Alloy DensityStainless Steel DensitySheet Plate Weight CalculatorNickel Base AlloyCorrosion Resistance of Nickel AlloyNickel Effect In Stainless SteelNickel Alloy Grades Comparison…

Austenitic | Martensitic | Ferritic | Duplex | Super Duplex | Superaustenitic | Superferritic | Precipitation HardeningFerritic Stainless Steel Tubes, in principle, ferrite at all temperatures. This is achieved by a low content of austenitic forming elements, mainly nickel, and a high content of ferrite forming elements, mainly chromium. Ferritic types, such as 4003 and 4016, are mainly used for household utensils, catering equipment and other purposes where corrosion conditions are not particularly demanding. Steel with high chromium content, such as 4762 with 24% chromium, are used at high temperature where their resistance to sulphurous flue gages is an advantage. However, the risk of 475 °C embrittlement and precipitation of brittle sigma phase in high-chromium steel must always be taken into consideration. Ferritic stainless steel, such as 4521 with extremely low carbon and nitrogen contents, find greatest use where there is a risk of stress-corrosion cracking. Ferritic stainless steel have slightly higher yield strength (Rp 0.2) than austenitic steels, but they have less elongation at fracture. Another characteristic that distinguishes ferritic steel from austenitic material is that ferritic steel have much…

Austenitic | Martensitic | Ferritic | Duplex | Super Duplex | Superaustenitic | Superferritic | Precipitation Hardening Austenitic Stainless steel is dominant in the market. The group includes the very common AISI 304 and AISI 316 steel, but also the higher alloyed AISI 310S and ASTM N08904 / 904L Austenitic steel are characterised by their high content of austenite-formers, especially nickel. They are also alloyed with chromium, molybdenum and sometimes with copper, titanium, niobium and nitrogen. Alloying with nitrogen raises the yield strength of the steels. Austenitic stainless steel have a very wide range of applications, e.g. in the chemical industry and the food processing industry. The molybdenum-free steel also have very good high-temperature properties and are therefore used in furnaces and heat exchangers. Their good impact strength at low temperatures is often exploited in apparatus such as vessels for cryogenic liquids. Austenitic stainless steel cannot be hardened by heat treatment. They are normally supplied in the quenching–annealing state, which means that they are soft and highly formable. Cold working increases their hardness and strength. Certain steel grades are therefore supplied…

Despite their corrosion resistance, stainless steel tubes need care in fabrication and use to maintain their surface appearance even under normal conditions of service. In welding, inert gas processes are used. Scale or slag that forms from welding processes is removed with a stainless steel wire brush. Normal carbon steel wire brushes will leave carbon steel particles in the surface which will eventually produce surface rusting. For more severe applications, welded areas should be treated with a descaling solution such as a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and these should be subsequently washed off. For material exposed inland, light industrial, or milder service, minimum maintenance is required. Only sheltered areas need occasional washing with a stream of pressurized water. In heavy industrial areas, frequent washing is advisable to remove dirt deposits which might eventually cause corrosion and impair the surface appearance of the stainless steel. Stubborn spots and deposits like burned-on food can be removed by scrubbing with a non-abrasive cleaner and fiber brush, a sponge,…

According to ASTM A213,the austenitic stainless steel are heat treated to remove the effects of cold forming or to dissolve precipitated chromium carbides. The surest heat treatment to accomplish both requirements is the solution anneal which is conducted in the 1850°F to 2050°F range (1010°C to 1121°C). Cooling from the anneal temperature should be at sufficiently high rates through 1500-800°F (816°C – 427°C) to avoid reprecipitation of chromium carbides. These material cannot be hardened by heat treatment.Heat | Metal Glossary | Metals Definitions | Heat Treatment of Metals | Stress Relieving | Passivation | Annealing | Quenching | Tempering | Straightening | Heat Treatment of Steel | Heat Treating Definition | Heat Treating Stainless Steel | Technic of Metals Heat Treatment | Elements in Annealed State | Bright Anneaing | ASTM A380 | ASTM A967 | EN 2516 | 304 | 304L | 304H | 321 | 316L | 317L | 309S | 310S | 347 | 410 | 410S | 430 | Heat Transfer | Forms | Effects | Conduction | Convection | Radiation | Heat ExchangerGeneral PropertiesChemical CompositionResistance to CorrosionPhysical PropertiesMechanical PropertiesWeldingHeat TreatmentCleaning304/304L/304LN/304H Tubing and Pipe

The austenitic stainless steel tubing are considered to be the most weldable of the high-alloy steel and can be welded by all fusion and resistance welding processes. The Alloys 304 and 304L are typical of the austenitic stainless steel. Two important considerations in producing weld joints in the austenitic stainless steel are: preservation of corrosion resistance, and avoidance of cracking. A temperature gradient is produced in the material being welded which ranges from above the melting temperature in the molten pool to ambient temperature at some distance from the weld. The higher the carbon level of the material being welded, the greater the likelihood that the welding thermal cycle will result in the chromium carbide precipitation which is detrimental to corrosion resistance. To provide material at the best level of corrosion resistance, low carbon material (Alloy 304L) should be used for material put in service in the welded condition. Alternately, full annealing dissolves the chromium carbide and restores a high level of corrosion resistance to the standard carbon content materials. Weld metal with…

Properties | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Typical Yield | Typical Tensile | Yield strength & Yield point | Stainless Steel Tensile Strength | Bend Testing | Compression Testing | Difference Between Yield and Tensile | AISI Steel Yield Tensile | Strength Properties of Metals | Strength of Materials | Stress | Aluminum Mechanical Properties | Tensile Proof Stress Of Metric Bolts and Screws | Tensile Strength of Metric Nuts | Stainless Tensile Of Metric Bolts Screws Physical Properties Stainless Steel Carbon Steel | Thermoplastics Physical Properties | British Standard Strength of Steel | Shear and Tensile | Elastic Properties Young Modulus | Stength European Standard | Ductility | Young’s Modulus | Non-Ferrous Modulus of Elasticity | Steel Bolts Strength | Iron Steel Modulus of Elasticity | Thermal Properties | Properties of Thermal | Thread Shear Calculator | Metals Properties | Stainless Steel Physical Properties | Definition Mechanical PropertiesRoom Temperature Mechanical Properties Minimum mechanical properties for annealed Alloys 304 and 304L austenitic stainless steel tube as required by ASTM specifications A213 and ASME specification SA-213 are shown below. Property Minimum Mechanical Properties Required by ASTM A213 & ASME SA-213 304 304L 304H 0.2% Offset Yield Strength,     psi     MPa 30,000 205 25,000 170 30,000 205Ultimate Tensile Strength,    psi    MPa 75,000 515 70,000 485 75,000 515Percent Elongation in…

Properties | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Typical Yield | Typical Tensile | Yield strength & Yield point | Stainless Steel Tensile Strength | Bend Testing | Compression Testing | Difference Between Yield and Tensile | AISI Steel Yield Tensile | Strength Properties of Metals | Strength of Materials | Stress | Aluminum Mechanical Properties | Tensile Proof Stress Of Metric Bolts and Screws | Tensile Strength of Metric Nuts | Stainless Tensile Of Metric Bolts Screws | Physical Properties Stainless Steel Carbon Steel | Thermoplastics Physical Properties | British Standard Strength of Steel | Shear and Tensile | Elastic Properties Young Modulus | Stength European Standard | Ductility | Young’s Modulus | Non-Ferrous Modulus of Elasticity | Steel Bolts Strength | Iron Steel Modulus of Elasticity | Thermal Properties | Properties of Thermal | Thread Shear Calculator | Metals Properties | Stainless Steel Physical Properties | Definition Mechanical Properties 304 Stainless Steel Density:0.285 lb/in³ (7.93kg/dm³) Modulus of Elasticity in Tension:29 x 106 psi (200 GPa) Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: Temperature Range Temperature Range Coefficients Coefficients °F °C in/in/°F cm/cm/°C 68 – 212 20 – 100 9.2 x 10-6 16.6 x 10-6 18 – 1600 20 – 870 11.0 x 10-6 19.8 x 10-6 Thermal Conductivity: Temperature Range Temperature Range Coefficients Coefficients °F °C in/in/°F cm/cm/°C 68 –…

General CorrosionThe Alloys 304, 304L, and 304H austenitic stainless steel provide useful resistance to corrosion on a wide range of moderately oxidizing to moderately reducing environments. The alloys are used widely in equipment and utensils for processing and handling of food, beverages, and dairy products. Heat exchangers, piping, tanks, and other process equipment in contact with fresh water also utilize these alloys. Alloys 304, 304L, and 304H are also resistant to moderately aggressive organic acids such as acetic acid and reducing acids such as phosphoric acid. The 9 to 11 percent of nickel contained by these 18-8 alloys assists in providing resistance to moderately reducing environments. The more highly reducing environments such as boiling dilute hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acids are shown to be too aggressive for these materials. Boiling 50 percent caustic is likewise too aggressive. In some cases, the low carbon Alloy 304L may show a lower corrosion rate than the higher carbon Alloy 304. The data for formic acid, sulfamic acid, and sodium…

Table 1. Composition ranges for ASME SA 213 304 304L 304H and EN 10216-5 1.4301 1.4307 1.4948 Grade – C Mn Si P S Cr Mo Ni N 304/S30400 min.max. -0.08 -2.0 -1.00 -0.045 -0.030 18.0-20.0 – 8.0-11.0 – EN 10216-5 1.4301 min.max. -0.07 -2.0 -1.00 -0.040 -0.015 17.00-19.5 – 8.0-10.5 -0.11 304L/S30403 min.max. -0.035 -2.0 -1.00 -0.045 -0.030 18.0-20.0 – 8.0-12.0 – EN 10216-5 1.4307 min.max. -0.030 -2.0 -1.00 -0.040 -0.015 17.5-19.5 – 8.0-10.0 -0.11 304H /S30409 min.max. 0.04-0.10 -2.0 -1.00 -0.045 -0.030 18.0-20.0 – 8.0-11.0 – EN 10216-5 1.4948 min.max. 0.04-0.08 -2.0 -1.00 -0.035 -0.015 17.0-19.0 – 8.0-11.0 -0.11 Data are typical and should not be construed as maximum or minimum values for specification or for final design. Data on any particular piece of material may vary from those shown herein

Alloys 304 S30400 , 304L S30403, and 304H S30409 stainless steel tubing are variations of the 18 percent chromium – 8 percent nickel austenitic alloy, the most familiar and most frequently used alloy in the stainless steel family. These alloys may be considered for a wide variety of applications where one or more of the following properties are important: Resistance to corrosion Prevention of product contamination Resistance to oxidation Ease of fabrication Excellent formability Beauty of appearance Ease of cleaning High strength with low weight Good strength and toughness at cryogenic temperature Ready availability of a wide range of product forms Each alloy represents an excellent combination of corrosion resistance and fabricability. This combination of properties is the reason for the extensive use of these alloys which represent nearly one half of the total U.S. stainless steel production. The 18-8 stainless steel, principally Alloys 304, 304L, and 304H, are available in a wide range of product forms including sheet, strip, and plate. The alloys are covered by a variety…