430 Stainless Steel is a low-carbon plain chromium ferritic stainless steel. The steel has good corrosion resistance in mildly corrosive environments and good resistance to oxidation at elevated temperature. In the annealed condition the steel is ductile, does not harden excessively during cold work and can be formed using a large variety of roll forming or mild stretch-bending operations, as well as the more common drawing and bending processes. 430 Stainless Steel has limited weldability and should not be used in the as welded condition for dynamic or impact loaded structures. Being a ferritic material, 430 is liable to brittle fracture at sub-zero temperatures, and cannot be used in cryogenic applications. As the steel does not contain nickel or molybdenum, it is cheaper than any of the 300 series steel. 430 stainless steel is the most popular of all the straight chrome stainless steel. Its principal use is for decorative purposes. Because of its excellent heat and corrosion resistant properties, its ductility and because it…

ASTM A268 409 409L 1.4512 stainless steel is an alloy designed principally for the automotive exhaust industry, although it has been used successfully in other industrial applications. It combines good elevated temperaturecorrosion resistance with medium strength, good formability and overall cost. 409L stainless steel is highly resistant to high temperatures, achievable engine and exhaust systems, and reduces the thickness of the exhaust system to reduce exhaust emissions. Low cost, good flexibility, high yield, easy replacement, and environmentally friendly new products. 409 Stainless Steel is a titanium stabilised ferritic stainless steel. Although regarded as a general-purpose chromium stainless steel the primary application for Grade 409 is automotive exhaust systems. Its applications are those where appearance is a secondary consideration to mechanical properties and corrosion resistance and where some weldability is required. Type 409 is a ferritic stainless steel that has a good combination of heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Its titanium stabilized low nickel content provides for an economical metal to corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance . More highly…

ASTM A268 ASME SA268 S40500 405 Stainless Steel 1.4002 is a 12% chromium steel, designed to be used in the as welded condition.  Unlike other grades in the 12% chromium category, 405 is not susceptible to extensive hardening through air cooling from high temperature. Commonly used for annealing boxes, steam nozzles, quenching racks, partitions and other fabrications that cannot be annealed after welded. Soft and ductile, 405 can be easily machined using most standard practices. Experienced machinists comment that 405 machines similarly to 4130 alloy steel. 405 can be easily spun, drawn and formed using common forming procedures. 405 Stainless Steel can be welded using shielded fusion and resistance techniques. Oxyacetylene welding is not recommended. Use 405 Cb electrodes that contain columbium rather than aluminum to control hardening. Post weld annealing will maximize ductility. Soak at 1500-1600 F(817-871 C) and then quickly increase to 1900-2050 F(1038-1121 C). Do not remain at this temperature as the result will be excessive grain growth. Do not work below 1500 F(816C). After forging,…

Austenitic | Martensitic | Ferritic | Duplex | Super Duplex | Superaustenitic | Superferritic | Precipitation HardeningFerritic Stainless Steel Tubes, in principle, ferrite at all temperatures. This is achieved by a low content of austenitic forming elements, mainly nickel, and a high content of ferrite forming elements, mainly chromium. Ferritic types, such as 4003 and 4016, are mainly used for household utensils, catering equipment and other purposes where corrosion conditions are not particularly demanding. Steel with high chromium content, such as 4762 with 24% chromium, are used at high temperature where their resistance to sulphurous flue gages is an advantage. However, the risk of 475 °C embrittlement and precipitation of brittle sigma phase in high-chromium steel must always be taken into consideration. Ferritic stainless steel, such as 4521 with extremely low carbon and nitrogen contents, find greatest use where there is a risk of stress-corrosion cracking. Ferritic stainless steel have slightly higher yield strength (Rp 0.2) than austenitic steels, but they have less elongation at fracture. Another characteristic that distinguishes ferritic steel from austenitic material is that ferritic steel have much…