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Surface

Surface Roughness Chart








Surface Roughness Table - Shows the roughness average for different manufacturing processes in micrometers and microinches. The values are shown with a typical range and a less frequent range for each manufacturing process.

  Average Range
  Less Frequent Range

Manufacturing
Process
Roughness Average

Top Number - Micrometers
Bottom Number - (Microinches)
  50 (2000) 25 (1000) 12.5 (500) 6.3 (250) 3.2 (125) 1.6 (63) 0.80 (32) 0.40 (16) 0.20 (8) 0.10 (4) 0.05 (2) 0.025 (1) 0.012 (.5)
Flame Cutting                                                    
Snagging                                                    
Sawing                                                    
Planing, Shaping                                                    
Drilling                                                    
Chemical Milling                                                    
EDM Elect Discharge Machining                                                    
Milling                                                    
Broaching                                                    
Reaming                                                    
Electron Beam                                                    
Laser                                                    
Electro-Chemical                                                    
Boring, Turning                                                    
Barrel Finishing                                                    
50 (2000) 25 (1000) 12.5 (500) 6.3 (250) 3.2 (125) 1.6 (63) 0.80 (32) 0.40 (16) 0.20 (8) 0.10 (4) 0.05 (2) 0.025 (1) 0.012 (.5)
Electrolytic Grinding                                                    
Roller Burnishing                                                    
Grinding                                                    
Honing                                                    
Electro-Polish                                                    
Polishing                                                    
Lapping                                                    
Super Finishing                                                    
Sand Casting                                                    
Hot Rolling                                                    
Forging                                                    
Permanent Mold Casting                                                    
Investment Casting                                                    
Extruding                                                    
Cold Rolling, Drawing                                                    
Die Casting                                                    
50 (2000) 25 (1000) 12.5 (500) 6.3 (250) 3.2 (125) 1.6 (63) 0.80 (32) 0.40 (16) 0.20 (8) 0.10 (4) 0.05 (2) 0.025 (1) 0.012 (.5)

Ra = Roughness, average in micro-meters & micro-inches

China's old standard (finish) China New standard (roughness) Ra American Standard(microns), Ra American Standard (Micro-inch), Ra
▽ 4 6.3 8.00 320
6.30 250
▽ 5 3.2 5.00 200
4.00 160
3.20 125
▽ 6 1.6 2.50 100
2.00 80
1.60 63
▽ 7 0.8 1.25 50
1.00 40
0.80 32
▽ 8 0.4 0.63 25
0.50 20
0.40 16




China Old Grade China New
Ra
China New
Rz
USA micron
Ra
USA microinch
Ra
▽ 1 50 200    
▽ 2 25 100    
▽ 3 12.5 50    
▽ 4 6.3 25 8.00 320
6.30 250
▽ 5 3.2 12.5 5.00 200
4.00 160
3.20 125
▽ 6 1.6 6.3 2.50 100
2.00 80
1.60 63
▽ 7 0.8 6.3 1.25 50
1.00 40
0.80 32
▽ 8 0.4 3.2 0.63 25
0.50 20
0.40 16
▽ 9 0.2 1.6 0.20 12.5
10
8
▽ 10 0.1 0.8 0.10  

RMS (microinch) RMS
(µm)
Ra (microinch) Ra
(µm)
Grit Size
80 58
47
34
17
14
2.03 1.47
1.2
0.6
0.43
0.36
71 52
42
30
15
12
1.32-1.90
0.46-0.64
0.3-0.4
0.18-0.38
≤0.15
≤0.08
80 120
150
180
240
320
400

Machining surface finish chart: Ra vs RMS

USA Ra(µm) USA Ra (Micro inch) USA RMS (Micro inch) Machining Finish Method
50.0 2000 2200 The most coarse machining or good rough casting surfaces
25.0 1000 1100 Machining marks very obvious. Rough turning, boring, planning, drilling
12.5 500 550 Machining marks obvious. Normal turning, boring, planning, drilling, grinding
8.00 320 352 Machining marks visible. Normal turning, boring, planning, drilling , grinding
6.30 250 275 Machining marks visible. Normal turning, boring, planning, drilling , grinding
5.00 200 220 Machining marks not obvious. But still visible. Normal turning, boring, planning, drilling, grinding.
4.00 160 176 Machining marks not obvious. But still visible. Normal turning, boring, planning, drilling, grinding.
3.20 125 137.5 Machining marks not obvious. But still visible. Normal turning, boring, planning, drilling, grinding.
2.50 100 110 Machining marks blur, but direction obvious. Number controlled turning, boring, planning, drilling, grinding.
2.00 80 88 Machining marks blur, but direction obvious. Number controlled turning, boring, planning, drilling, grinding.
1.60 63 69.3 Machining marks blur, but direction obvious. Number controlled turning, boring, planning, drilling, grinding.
1.25 50 55 Machining marks direction blur, but still visible. Number controlled turning, boring, planing, drilling, grinding.
1.00 40 44 Machining marks direction blur, but still visible. Number controlled turning, boring, planing, drilling, grinding.
0.80 32 35.2 Machining marks direction blur, but still visible. Number controlled turning, boring, planing, drilling, grinding.
0.63 25 27.5 Machining marks direction blur. Reaming, grinding, boring, rolling.
0.50 20 22 Machining marks direction blur. Reaming, grinding, boring, rolling.
0.40 16 17.6 Machining marks direction blur. Reaming, grinding, boring, rolling.
0.20 12.5 13.75 Machining marks direction invisible. Grinding, super machining
0.20 10 11 Machining marks direction invisible. Grinding, super machining
0.20 8 8.8 Machining marks direction invisible. Grinding, super machining
0.10 4 4.4 Surface dark gloss. Surper machining

Ra is the arithmetic average of surface heights measured across a surface. Simply average the height across the microscopic peaks and valleys.

Ra and RMS are both representations of surface roughness, but each is calculated differently.

Ra is calculated as the Roughness Average of a surfaces measured microscopic peaks and valleys.

RMS is calculated as the Root Mean Square of a surfaces measured microscopic peaks and valleys. Each value uses the same individual height measurements of the surfaces peaks and valleys, but uses the measurements in a different formula.
Related References:
1. ISO 1302 DIN 4768 Comparison of Surface Roughness Values
2. Electrical Discharge Machining EDM Roughness Comparator
3. Polishing Polished Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe Tube
4. Stainless Steel Tubes Surface Roughness Review
5. Stainless Steel Bright Annealing/Annealed Tubes
6. China USA Surface Roughness Standard Comparison
7. Surface Roughness Conversion Chart of Stainless Steel Tube
8. Stainless Steel Tube Surface Finish Types
9. Cleaning of Stainless Steel Tubes
10. Post weld cleaning and finishing of stainless steels
11. Care and maintenance of stainless steel
12. British and American standards for tolerances, surface finish and testing of stainless steel
13. Surface Finish Degree Comparison Table between Rz Ra RMS
14. Surface Roughness Table

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