Electrochemical polishing is the same as Electropolishing. Before electropolishing, stainless steel tube must be thoroughly degreasing and scrubbed with decontamination powder to prevent the oil from polluting the polishing bath. It is necessary to frequently measure the relative density of the electropolishing solution during use. If the relative density is less than the specified value of the formula, it indicates that the electropolishing solution contains too much water. The evaporation method can be used to heat the solution to above 80°C to remove the excess water. The insufficient volume can be supplemented with phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid according to the formula ratio. Before the stainless steel pipe enters the electrochemical polishing tank, it is best to drain or blow dry the water attached to the pipe. If the relative density is too high and exceeds the specified value of the formula, it means that the moisture is too low.…

Tensile strength test is to make a sample of stainless steel pipe, pull the sample to break on a tensile testing machine, and then measure one or several mechanical properties, usually only the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation after fracture and section are measured Shrinkage. Tensile strength test is the most basic test method for mechanical properties of metal materials. Almost all metal materials require tensile test as long as they have requirements for mechanical properties. Especially for those materials whose shape is not convenient for hardness test, tensile strength test becomes the only means of testing mechanical properties. The hardness test is to slowly press a hard indenter into the surface of the sample with a durometer under specified conditions, and then test the depth or size of the indentation to determine the hardness of the material. Hardness test is the simplest, fastest and easiest method in material mechanical…

For the heat treatment technology of the surface of stainless steel pipes, non-oxidation continuous heat treatment furnaces with protective gas are generally used abroad for intermediate heat treatment and final heat treatment of finished products. As a bright surface without oxidation can be obtained, the traditional pickling process is eliminated. The adoption of this heat treatment process not only improves the surface of stainless steel pipes, but also overcomes the environmental pollution caused by pickling. According to the manufacturer of stainless steel pipes, according to the current world development trend, bright annealing continuous heat treatment furnaces are basically divided into the following two types: (1) Roller-type bright annealing heat treatment furnace. This bright annealing furnace type is suitable for heat treatment of large-size and large-volume special-shaped stainless steel pipes, with an hourly output of above 1.0 Tons. The protective gases that can be used are high-purity hydrogen, decomposed ammonia and…

What is the performance of stainless steel welded pipe at low temperature? The resistance, linear expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, mass melting and magnetism of stainless steel welded pipe will change greatly at low temperature. Electrical resistance and linear expansion coefficient decrease at low temperatures; thermal conductivity and mass heat capacity decrease sharply at low temperatures; Young’s modulus (longitudinal elastic modulus) increases at the same time as the temperature drops. Because austenitic stainless steel pipes have a low temperature (Subzreo temperature) Ms point (martensite transformation start temperature or martensite formation temperature), martensite can be formed when kept below the Ms point. The formation of martensite at low temperature makes 304 (18Cr-8Ni), the representative steel of austenitic stainless steel, non-magnetic at room temperature, but becomes magnetic at low temperature. In a low temperature environment, the deformation energy is small. In a low temperature environment, the phenomenon that elongation and reduction of area…

When brown rust spots appeared on the surface of stainless steel, people were surprised: “Stainless steel does not rust, and rust is not stainless steel. It may be a problem with the steel.” In fact, this is a one-sided wrong view of the lack of understanding of stainless steel. Stainless steel can also rust under certain conditions. Stainless steel has the ability to resist atmospheric oxidation, that is non-rust, and it also has the ability to resist corrosion in media containing acid, alkali, and salt, that is corrosion resistance. But the size of its anti-corrosion ability is changed with the chemical composition of the steel itself, mutual status, use conditions and environmental media types. Such as 304 material, in a dry and clean atmosphere, has absolutely excellent corrosion resistance, but it is moved to the beach area, in the sea fog containing a lot of salt, it will quickly rust.…

Stainless steel flanges will not produce corrosion, pitting, rust, and are not easily worn. Stainless steel is one of the highest-strength metal materials for construction. Because stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, it can make structural components permanently maintain the integrity of engineering design. There are more and more types of stainless steel flanges in the production process, and the installation methods are different for different types of flanges. Next, I will introduce the correct installation sequence of stainless steel flanges. 1. The contaminated stainless steel pipe or stainless steel pipe fittings should be cleaned up before the stainless steel flange connection; 2. The pipes to which the stainless steel flange is connected are respectively fitted with a flange with a grooved ring; 3. Perform 90° flanging process on the two pipe ports. After flanging, the port surface should be polished vertically and flat without burrs, unevenness, or deformation. The…

When the chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel is heated to the temperature range of 450-800℃, corrosion along the grain boundary often occurs, which is called intergranular corrosion. Generally speaking, intergranular corrosion is actually caused by the precipitation of carbon in the form of Cr23C6 from the saturated austenitic metallographic structure, which makes the austenite structure at the grain boundary depleted in chromium. Therefore, avoiding chromium depletion at grain boundaries is an effective way to prevent intergranular corrosion. The elements in stainless steel are sorted according to their affinity for carbon, and the order is titanium, niobium, molybdenum, chromium and manganese. It can be seen that the affinity of titanium and carbon is greater than that of chromium. When titanium is added to steel, carbon will preferentially combine with titanium to form titanium carbide, which can effectively prevent the formation of chromium carbide and the precipitation of chromium depletion at grain boundaries.…

Antibacterial stainless steel is a “national invention patent” technology developed by the Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences for ten years, and has won 5 national invention patents. In 2014, Zhongkepujin succeeded in industrialized trial production and put it into the market. At the same time, the application in the fields of home appliances, bathroom, tableware and other fields has been well received by the market and users. In 2016, the crude steel output of ordinary stainless steel was 26 million tons. With rising consumption demand, the market size of antibacterial stainless steel has exceeded trillions. The field and status of entrepreneurial projects The entrepreneurial project belongs to the field of new materials. Due to the widespread use of stainless steel, according to statistics, the amount of stainless steel used in kitchen utensils reached more than 3.5 million tons in 2016. Because antibacterial stainless steel is a new material…

How to Choose Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe or Welded Pipe? Based on the characteristics and differences of stainless steel seamless pipes and stainless steel welded pipes, reasonable choices should be made during application to achieve economic, beautiful and reliable effects: 1. When used as decorative pipes, product pipes, and prop pipes, they generally require good surface effects, and stainless steel welded pipes are usually used; 2. For generally lower pressure fluid transportation, such as low pressure systems such as water, oil, gas, air, and heating water or steam, stainless steel welded pipes are usually used 3. For pipelines used in industrial engineering and large-scale equipment to transport fluids, as well as pipelines that require high temperature, high pressure, and high strength on power plants and nuclear power plant boilers, stainless steel seamless pipes should be used; 4. Stainless steel welded pipes are generally used for liquid transportation below 0.8MPa, and…

Stainless steel has good comprehensive performance and good appearance and surface characteristics, and is widely used in various industries. Similarly, stainless steel pipe is no exception. Stainless steel pipe is a kind of steel with a hollow section, generally divided into stainless steel seamless pipe and welded pipe. Their processing methods and performance also have certain differences, the differences are as follows: 1. The difference in production process Stainless steel welded pipes are made of steel plates or steel strips that are crimped and formed by a unit and a die. Generally, there is a weld on the inner wall of the pipe; while Stainless Steel Seamless Pipes are perforated using round tube blanks as raw materials, and are cold rolled, cold drawn or It is made by the production process of hot extrusion, and there is no welding point on the tube. 2. The difference in the appearance of…

What is The Difference Between Stainless Steel Industrial Pipe and Stainless Steel Decorative Pipe? Surface Condition Mostly, the surface of Stainless Steel Industrial Pipe is Mill Surface (Rough) or Britht Annealed Finished. Stainless Steel Decorative Pipe is bright surface. Application Stainless Steel Industrial Pipe for Decoration projects, Furniture, etc. Stainless Steel Industrial Pipes are mainly used for steel structures and on construction sites, Petro-chemical, Fertilizer, Aerospace, oil and gas, and so on. neither of which is food grade Wall Thickness Then Stainless Steel Decorative Pipes are generally below 2mm in thickness, stainless steel industrial pipes are mostly bigger than 2mm. Material Grade Stainless Steel Decorative Pipes mostly in grade 201, 202, 301, 302, 303, 304, 410, 420, 430. Stainless Steel Industrial Pipes mostly in 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 321, 309S, 310S. Stainless Steel Industrial Pipes are characterized by high temperature resistance, Corrosion Resistance, and their advantages are high nitrogen content…

EN Standards: EN European Standard for Stainless Steel European EN Standard Grade Summary European Dimensional Tolerance Standard for Stainless Steel EN 10090 Chemical Composition of Valve Steel BS 970 Stainless Steel Chemical Composition BS 3100 1991 Cast Steel Chemical Composition BS 3100 Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel BS 1449-2 Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel BS Aerospace S100 Chemical Composition Mechanical Properties BS Aerospace S500 Chemical Composition Mechanical Properties EN 10204 Test Certificates for Stainless Steel EN 10302 Chemical Composition of Creep Resisting Steel EN 10302 Mechanical Properties of Creep Resisting Steel Tolerance to EN 10296-2 Welded Stainless Steel Tubes EN 10296-2 Stainless Steel Chemical Composition EN 10296-2 Stainless Steel Welded Tubes Mechanical Properties Chemical Compositions of Stainless Steel to EN 10297-2 EN 10297-2 Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel Tubes Tolerances to EN 10297-2 for Seamless Stainless Steel Tubes EN 10269 Room Temperature Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel EN 10269 Elevated…

ASTM Standards: ASTM Standard for Stainless Steel Carbon Steel Pipe Standard ASTM BS DIN Sweden ASTM B265 Titanium Alloy Properties ASTM B265 Titanium Alloy Chemical Composition ASTM A48 Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings ASTM A53 Standard Steel Pipe Black Hot-Dipped Zinc-Coated ASTM A53 Pipe ASME SA53 Steel Pipe Maximum Working Pressure-ASTM A53 B Carbon Steel Pipes ASTM A 53 & ASTM A 106. Welded and Seamless Black Pipes Seamless Pipe from Carbon Steel Intended for Operation by High Temperature ASTM A105 Standard for Forgins Carbon Steel Piping ASTM A106 Carbon Steel Pipe High-Temperature Service ASTM A106 / A106M – 08 Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service ASTM A134 Standard for Steel Pipe Electric-Fusion Arc-Welded ASTM A134 Specification for Steel Pipe Electric-Fusion Arc-Welded ASTM A135 Standard for Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe ASTM A139 Specification of Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe ASTM A139 Standard Electric-Fusion Arc-Welded Steel Pipe ASTM A148…

Hardness | Hardness Testing | Hardness Conversion Calculator | Hardness Test Methods | Brinell Hardness | Rockwell Hardness | Vickers Hardness | Superficial Rockwell Hardness | Shore Durometer Test | Hardness Conversion Chart | Brinell Rockwell Hardness Conversion | Carbon Steel Cast Steel Hardness Conversion | Rockwell Superficial Brinell Vickers Shore Hardness Conversion | Harder Scales Equivalent | Softer Scales Equivalent | Figure Comparing Hardness Scales | Table of Components Showing Relevant Surface Hardness Values | O-Ring Installation Compressive Load vs Hardness Shore A Scale | Detect The Hardness Of Stainless Steel There are several hardness scale conversion systems, including BS 860 and ASTM E140. The table shows a set of values that has been used for stainless steel and also includes a tensile strength (Ultimate Tensile Strength) comparison. The Rockwell B values are superimposed on this table using an approximation from ASTM E140 Table5, which compares Rockwell B and Brinell. For the indentation methods the different measurements in HV, HRC and HB can also be compared without too much of insecurity. However, for the rebounding methods like Shore and Equotip the errors when making conversions are larger as the individual measurements are highly…

1 2 3 4 Comparison Structural Design Stainless Steel and Carbon Steel Calculating the Deflections of Stainless Steel Beams ASTM A694 F42 F46 F48 F50 F52 F56 F60 F65 F70 End of life vehicles ELV European directive on mercury, lead, cadmium and hexavalent chromium CEN Identification of Aluminium Alloys Copper Wire Size C38500 Free Cutting Brass Alloy 385 – Properties and Applications Steel Bolts Strength Specification British Standard Strength of Steel Thermoplastics – Physical Properties Measuring Surface Finish Surface Finish Texture Symbols Metals listed in order of their properties Corrosion Process Cold Rolling Physical Metallurgy of Cold Rolling Cold Rolling Manufacturing Process Degree of Cold Work Foil Rolling Rolling-Metalworking Type of carbon steel Hot Working Hydraulic Precision Tubes Pipes and Hydraulic Hoses ISO Tolerances For Fasteners ISO Tolerance Chart|Machining Process associated with ISO IT Tolerance Grade Passivation of Stainless Steels Welding and Post Fabrication Cleaning for Construction and Architectural Applications…

1 2 3 4 Welding Process and Letter Designations ASTM Material Specification Fitting Flange Cast Forging Valve Work Hardening Aluminium Alloys Brass and Arsenical Brass Alloy – Properties and Applications Non-Ferrous Modulus of Elasticity Stainless Steel Tensile and Proof Stress Of Metric Bolts and Screws Examples of Identifying Surface Texture Requirements on Drawings Surface Texture Equivalents Definition Of Mechanical Properties Corrosion Resistant Material Corrosion of Piping Hot Rolling History Hot Rolling Application Type of Hot Rolling Mill Hot Rolling Process Hot Rolling Carbon steel Drawing Drawn Draft State Standard and Oil and Gas lines Standard Steel Tube Pipe Classification Typical Yield Strength Yield strength & Yield point Elements in the annealed state DOM CDS HFS ERW HREW CREW Tube Pipe Alloy 400 Properties and Corrosion Resistence Calculate of wall thickness of pipe Benifits of using stainless steel pipe Differences between Pipe and Tube Cleaner Iron Production with Corex Process Table…

1 2 3 4 Sand Mold Casting Tolerances Casting Metal Casting Processes Comparison Table Metal Casting Comparison Table ASTM Valve Standard Machining Machinability of Stainless Steel Machining Stainless Steel Tool Geometry Heat Treatable Aluminium Alloys Gilding Metal Copper Alloy – Properties and Applications Young’s Modulus Elastic Modulus Carbon Steel Tensile Strength of Metric Nuts Electrical Discharge Machining EDM Roughness Comparator Costs of different metals used in mechanical engineering Surface Coatings for Corrosion Stainless Steel Tube Fitting Modern production methods of steel Rolling Mill Steel Mill Deforation Mechanics & Elongation Zinc Coatings Hot rolled stainless steel Application of computer simulation and full-scale testing in research of premium tread consnection tubing and casing TU 14-3R-55-2001 Steel pipes for high pressure boilers Common names for chemicals and selection of appropriate stainless steel grades Selection of stainless steels for handling acetic acid (CH3COOH) Selection of stainless steels for handling sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) Selection of…

1 2 3 4 Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing Material Test Certificate Export ASME SA213 TP304 Stainless Steel Bright Annealing Tube Specifications Standard for Aluminium Alloys Chemical Compostion of Brass Alloy External Thread Shear Area Calculator Calculation Ductility Carbon Steel – Tensile and Proof Stress Of Metric Bolts and Screws Sheet Metal Gauge Size Data Temperature Effects on Metal Strength Bi- Metallic Corrosion. (Galvanic Corrosion) Recycling of Steel Pipe and Tube Bender Super-Duplex Stainless Steels and their characteristics Bend Testing The Difference Between Yield Strength and Tensile Strength Rockwell Rockwell Superficial Brinell Vickers Shore Hardness Conversion Table Carbon Low Alloy Steel and Cast Steel Hardness Conversion Table ASTM A556M ASME SA556 Seamless cold drawn steel feedwater heater tubes Stainless Steel for Hardness and Corrosion Resistance ASTM E112 Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size Select Materials for Heat Exchanger Tubes with Substantial Pressure difference Martensitic Stainless Steel for Knife Applications…

Guanyu Tube is specialized manufacturer of ASTM A269 TP304, ASTM A269 TP304L, ASTM A269 TP316, ASTM A269 TP316L, ASTM A269 Tubing in China. Delivery condition in Bright Annealing or Annealing Pickling and Outside surface Polishing. ASTM A269 Tubing mainly include ASTM A269 TP316 Stainless Steel Instrumentation Tubing, ASTM A269 TP316L Stainless Steel Instrument Tubing, Stainless Steel Hydraulic Tubing. ASTM A269 is issued under the fixed designation ASTM A269, the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This specification covers grades of nominal-wall thickness, stainless steel tubing for general corrosion-resisting and low-or high-temperature service, as designated in Table 1. The tubing sizes and thickness usually furnished to this specification are 1⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in inside diameter and…

1.4948 Stainless Steel Tube Features:1.4948 Stainless Steel is heat-resistant steel, with good bending, welding process performance, corrosion resistance, high durability and structural stability, cold deformation ability is very good. The use temperature is up to 650 °C and the oxidation temperature is up to 850 °C. Application:It is used to manufacture heat exchanger tubes for super-generator boilers, reheater tubes, steam pipes and petrochemicals. The allowable oxidation temperature for boiler tubes is 705°C. Related standards: EN 10216-5 1.4550 Stainless Steel Tube: Features:1.4550 is a stable austenitic heat-strength steel. It has good heat strength and resistance to intergranular corrosion, good welding performance, and good corrosion resistance in alkali, seawater and various acids.1.4550 and 1.4908/347HFG in higher elevated temperature allowable stresses for these stabilized alloys for ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications. Application:Heat exchangers for large boiler superheater tubes, reheater tubes, steam lines and petrochemicals. The allowable oxidation temperature in boiler tubes is 750 °C. Related…

1.4301 stainless steel is low carbon chromium nickel stainless and heat resisting steel somewhat superior to Type 302 in corrosion resistance. 1.4541 stainless steel is known as stabilized grades of stainless steel, is Chromium nickel steel containing titanium. Recommended for parts fabricated by welding which cannot be subsequently annealed. Also recommended for parts to be used at temperatures between 800°F and 1850°F (427 to 816°C), have good properties resistance to intergranular corrosion. The titanium element in 1.4541 stainless steel makes it more resistant to chromium carbide formation. 1.4541 stainless steel is basically from 1.4301 stainless steel. They different by a very very small addition of Titanium. The real difference is their carbon content. The higher the carbon content the greater the yield strength. 1.4541 stainless steel has advantages in high temperature environment due to its excellent mechanical properties. Compared with 1.4301 alloy, 1.4541 stainless steel has better ductility and resistance…

Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 TP 304 Size: OD 15.88mm WT 1.245mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 304L 205 205 205 190 179 170 162 A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 TP 304 Size: OD 15.88mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 304L 278 278 278 259 243 231 220 A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 TP 304 Size: OD 19.05mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 304L 229 229 229 213 200 190 181 A 312 and…

American standard for Process piping (ASME B31.3 : 2018) Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 TP 304L Size: OD 12.7 mm WT 0.889mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 304L 152 152 152 144 134 128 123 A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 TP 304L Size: OD 12.7 mm WT 1.245mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 304L 217 217 217 205 191 182 175 A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 TP 304L Size: OD 12.7 mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F…

American standard for Process piping (ASME B31.3 : 2018) Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A376 347H Size: OD 25.4 mm WT 2.11mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 347 347H 219 219 219 219 219 211 205 A312 and A376 Values according to ASME SA-240, plate, Table 1A in ASME BPVC 2004. See *1) regarding paragraph UG 15. Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A376 347H Size: OD 25.4 mm WT 2.41mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 347 347H 252 252 252 252 252 243 236 A312 and A376 Values according to ASME SA-240, plate, Table 1A in ASME BPVC 2004. See *1) regarding paragraph UG 15. Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A376…

American standard for Process piping (ASME B31.3 : 2018) Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 TP317L Size: OD 15.88mm WT 1.245mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – TP317L / S31703 205 205 205 194 181 173 166 ASTM TP317L Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 TP317L Size: OD 15.88mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 317L / S31703 278 278 278 194 181 173 166 ASTM TP317L Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 TP317L Size: OD 19.05mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 317L / S31703 229 229 229 216 202 193 185 ASTM TP317L…

The term tool steel is a generic description of steel which has been developed specifically for tooling applications. Generally speaking, Tool steel are known for their distinctive toughness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at elevated temperature (red-hardness). Some of the operations that tool steel are used in include Drawing, Blanking, Mold Inserts, Stamping, Metal Slitting, Forming and Embossing, although they are not limited to just those areas. Tool Steel are produced in the annealed condition for ease of machining. After machining, the steel is heat-treated and quenched depending upon the type of steel being used. The heat treating and quenching operations increase the toughness and strength of the material. There are three classes of tool steel generally available in the market today – cold work, hot work, and high speed steel. Cold Work steel have high strength, hardenability, impact toughness, and wear resistance. As the name would imply, they are used in environments with lower operating temperature,…

1100 | 3003 | 5005 | 5052 | 5083 | 5086 | 5454 | 2011 | 2024 | 6061 | 6101 | 6063 | 6262 | 7075 | Aluminium | Aluminium Tempers | CEN Identification | Pure Aluminium | Work Hardening | Heat Treatable | Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Alloys | Physical Properties of Aluminium Alloys | Aluminium Alloys Chemical Composition | Specifications Standard | Aluminum Corrosion Resistance for Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers | Aluminium Tubing strength for Mechanics | Aluminium Alloys Comparison Table | Aluminium Density Specific Gravity For casting alloys, the fourth digit is separated from the first three digits by a decimal point indicates the form. The physical properties exhibited by Aluminium alloys are significantly influenced by the treatment of the sample. A standardized system has been developed to designate these treatments. The Aluminium alloy data sheets will generally have a temper designation connected with them to indicate the treatment used to produce the properties listed. The temper designation appears as a hyphenated suffix to the basic alloy number. An example would be 7075-T73 where -T73 is the temper designation. Four basic temper designations are used for Aluminium alloys. They are -F: as fabricated; -0: annealed; -H: strain hardened and -T: thermally treated. A…

Maximum Internal Pressure, bar  Grade 100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F Comments 304L 191 191 191 181 168 160 154 A 312 and A 269 tube 304/304L 229 229 229 213 200 190 181 A312, A376 and A269 tube 316L 191 191 191 179 169 160 154 A 312 and A 269 tube 316/316L 229 229 229 221 206 194 186 A312, A376 and A269 tube 321:1 191 191 191 191 184 174 167 t>3/8″ A312 and A376 321:2 229 229 229 229 221 209 200 t<=3/8″ A312 and A376 347 229 229 229 229 229 221 214 A312 and A376 Values according to ASME SA-240, plate, Table 1A in ASME BPVC 2004. See *1) regarding paragraph UG 15. 316Ti 229 229 229 222 204 192 185 Values according to ASME BPVC IID 2004, Table 1A, Tmax 750°F, seamless pipe SA-790 and seamless tube SA-789 S31500 301 291 279…

Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 310S Size: OD 19.05mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 310S 229 229 229 229 229 221 214 A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 310S Size: OD 19.05mm WT 2.11mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 310S 298 298 298 298 298 288 279 A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 310S Size: OD 25.4mm WT 1.65mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 310S 169 169 169 169 169 169 158 A 312 and A 269 tube…

Titanium | Titanium Alloy Grade Comparison Table | Lightweight Titanium Heat Exchangers for Airborne Applications | Titanium And Titanium-Base Alloys | Titanium Alloys Specifications | Titanium Alloys | Titanium Chemical Composition | Corrosion Resistance | Comparison Titanium | ASTM B265 | ASTM B265 Chemical Composition Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Sometimes called the “space age metal”,it has a low density and is a strong, lustrous, corrosion-resistant (including seawater, aqua regia and chlorine) transition metal with a silver color. Titanium was discovered in England by William Gregor in 1791 and named by Martin Heinrich Klaproth for the Titans of Greek mythology. The element occurs within a number of mineral deposits, principally rutile and ilmenite, which are widely distributed in the Earth’s crust and lithosphere, and it is found in almost all living things, rocks, water bodies, and soils. The metal is extracted from its principal mineral ores via the Kroll process or the Hunter process. Its most common compound, titanium dioxide, is a popular photocatalyst and is…

ASTM B111 C44300 Brass Seamless Tubes ASTM B111 C68700 Brass Seamless Tube SB111 SB466 C70600 | EEMUA 234 UNS 7060X SB 111 SB 466 C71500 70/30 Seamless Tube 1) Up to ASTM / BS EN / DIN / JIS H standard and so on.2) Material designation: T2 / C11000 / C102 and TP2 / C12200 / C106 etc.– Grade USA U.K Germany Japan China BG ASTM BS DIN JIS H T 2 C11000 C101 / C102 >E-Cu58 C1100 TP 2 C12200 – – – – C10200 – – – – C14500 – – – – C10100 – – – – C15000 – – – – C17200 – – – – C17510 – – – – C18000 – – – – C18150 – – – – C18200 – – – BFe10-1-1 C70600 CN102 CuNi10Fe1Mn C7060 BFe30-1-1 C71500 CN107 CuNi30Mn1Fe C7150 BFe30-2-2 C71640 CN108 CuNi30Fe2Mn2 C7164 BFe5-1.5-0.5 C70400 – – – Material…

ASTM B111 C44300 Admiralty Brass Tubes ASTM B111 C68700 Aluminium Brass Tube SB111 SB466 C70600 | EEMUA 234 UNS 7060X SB 111 SB 466 C71500 70/30 Seamless Tube Brass are alloys of Copper and Zinc. They also contain small amounts of other alloying elements to impart advantageous properties. Brass have high corrosion resistance and high tensile strength. They are also suited to fabrication by hot forging. Free machining grades of brass set the standard for machining by which other metals are compared.Brass is one of the most-used materials in the world. The term brass generally applies to alloys of copper where the main alloying ingredient beside copper is zinc. Other alloys of copper where the main alloying ingredient is tin are usually referred to as bronze. Brass is generally known for several things – decent strength and electrical conductivity, it can be polished easily, and there seems to be a brass for just about every application. With few…

Aluminium is the most commonly used and commercially available metal. It’s light weight and high strength-to-weight ratio make it a good choice for everything from aircraft to flashlights to jigs to just about anything else you can make out of metal. Pure aluminium, primarily seen in the 1xxx series of wrought aluminium alloys, has little strength, but possesses high electrical conductivity, reflectivity, and corrosion resistance. So a wide variety of aluminium alloys have been developed. aluminium is a silverish white metal that has a strong resistance to corrosion and like gold, is rather malleable. It is a relatively light metal compared to metals such as steel, nickel, brass, and copper with a specific gravity of 2.7. aluminium is easily machinable and can have a wide variety of surface finish. It also has good electrical and thermal conductivities and is highly reflective to heat and light. At extremely high temperatures (200-250°C) aluminium alloys tend to lose some of their strength.…

This week, the price of domestic 304 stainless steel tube market is stable and strong, but there is fear of high sentiment in the spot market. Today’s high transactions are general, and the market price increase has narrowed. At present, after the initial increase, the demand side has not increased significantly, and the price of 304 stainless steel pipes in the second half of the week has entered a short-term adjustment stage. 304 stainless steel tube This week, the market price of 304 stainless steel tube is running strongly, and the transaction is general. Raw material strips rose steadily, boosting market sentiment, and the market price of straight seam pipes followed the adjustment. Although the sharp price increase stimulated the enthusiasm of terminal market-finding, with the continuous rise of market prices, the downstream fear of high sentiment breeds, and the actual market transaction situation has not been obtained. Substantial improvement,…

China GB JIS JIS ASTM DIN DIN DIN Grade Grade Standard Material Grade Steel Number Grade Standard Q235 GGPSTPY41 G3452G3457 A53 FA283-D St33 1.0033 DIN1626 10 STPG38 G3454 A135-AA53-A St37 1.0110 DIN1626 10 STPG38 G3456 A106-A St37-2 1.0112 DIN 17175 10 STS38 G3455 St35.8St35.4 1.03051.0309 DIN1629/4 10 STB30 G3461 A179-CA214-C St35.8 1.0305 DIN17175 10 STB33 G3461 A192A226 St35.8 1.0305 DIN17175 10 STB35 G3461 St35.8 1.0305 DIN17175 20 STPG42 G3454 A315-BA53-B (St42)St42-2 1.01301.0132 DIN1626 20 STPT42 G3456 A106-B St45-8 1.0405 DIN17175 20 STB42 G3461 A106-B St45-8 1.0405 DIN17175 20 STS42 G3455 A178-CA210-A-1 St45-4 1.0309 DIN1629/4 STS49STPT49 G3455G3456 A210-C St52.4St52 1.08321.0831 DIN1629/4DIN1629/3 15MnV STBL39 G3464 16Mn STPL39 G3460 A333-1.6 TT St35N 1.0356 SEW680 15MnV STBL39 G3464 A334-1.6 09Mn2V A333-7.9A334-7.9 TT St35N 1.0356 SEW680 06A1NbCuN STPL46STBL G3460G3464 A333-3.4A334-3.4 10Ni14 1.5637 SEW680 20Mn23A1 A333-8A334-8 X8Ni9 1.5662 SEW680 16Mo STPA12STBA12、13 G3458G3462 A335-P1 A369-FP1A250-T1 A209-T1 15Mo3 1.5414 DIN17175 12CrMo STBA20 G3462 A335-P2 A369-FP2A213-T2 15CrMo STPA22STBA22 G3458G3462…

Structural Steel Comparison Chart 1 Germany China England France Italy Belgium Swed Spain Japan USA Material No. DIN GB BS EN AFNOR UNI NBN SS UNE JIS AISI 1.0401 C15 15 080M15 – CC12 C15C16 – 1350 F.111 – 1015 1.0402 C22 20 050A20 2C CC20 C20C21 C25-1 1450 F.112 – 1020 1.0501 C35 35 060A35 – CC35 C35 C35-1 1550 F.113 – 1035 1.0503 C45 45 080M40 – CC45 C45 C45-1 1650 F.114 – 1045 1.0535 C55 55 070M55 – – C55 C55-1 1655 – – 1055 1.0601 C60 60 080A62 43D CC55 C60 C60-1 – – – 1060 1.7015 9SMn28 Y15 230M07 – S250 CF9SMn28 – 1912 11SMn28 SUM22 1213 1.0718 9SMnPb28 – – – S250Pb CF9MnPb28 – 1914 11SMnPb28 SUM22L 12L13 1.0722 10SPb20 – – – 10PbF2 CF10Pb20 – – 10SPb20 – – 1.0726 35S20 – 212M36 8M 35MF4 – – 1957 F210G – 1140 1.0736 9SMn36 Y13…

U.S.A. Germany German France Japan Italy U.E. Spain Russia AISI DIN17006 W.N. 17007 AFNOR JIS UNI EURONORM UNE GOST 201       SUS 201         301 X 12 CrNi 17 7 1.4310 Z 12 CN 17-07 SUS 301 X 12 CrNi 1707 X 12 CrNi 17 7 X 12 CrNi 17-07   302 X 5 CrNi 18 7 1.4319 Z 10 CN 18-09 SUS 302 X 10 CrNi 1809 X 10 CrNi 18 9 X 10 CrNi 18-09 12KH18N9 303 X 10 CrNiS 18 9 1.4305 Z 10 CNF 18-09 SUS 303 X 10 CrNiS 1809 X 10 CrNiS 18 9 X 10 CrNiS 18-09   303Se     Z 10 CNF 18-09 SUS 303 Se X 10 CrNiS 1809   X 10 CrNiS 18-09 12KH18N10E 304 X 5 CrNi 18 10 X 5 CrNi 18 12 1.4301 1.4303 Z 6 CN 18-09 SUS 304 X…

High Temperature Nickel Alloy Tube. The main alloying elements are chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt, aluminum, titanium, boron, zirconium and the like. Among them, chromium acts as an antioxidant and anti-corrosion, and other elements act as strengthening. It has high strength and resistance to oxidation and gas corrosion at high temperatures of 850-1300 °C. It is the most widely used alloy with high temperature strength. Used in the manufacture of high temperature components for aerospace engine blades and rocket engines, nuclear reactors, and energy conversion equipment. Nickel based corrosion resistant alloy. The main alloying elements are copper, chromium and molybdenum. Has a good overall performance, a variety of acid corrosion resistance and stress corrosion resistance. The earliest application is nickel-copper alloy, also known as Monel alloy; in addition, nickel-chromium alloy, nickel-molybdenum alloy, nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy and the like. Used in the manufacture of various corrosion resistant parts. Nickel based wear resistant alloy. The…

American standard for Process piping (ASME B31.3 : 2018) Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 321 Stainless Steel Tubing Size: OD 15.88mm WT 1.245mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 321 205 205 205 205 198 187 179 t<=3/8″ A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 ASTM A269 321 Stainless Steel Tubing Size: OD 15.88mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 321 278 278 278 278 268 255 243 t<=3/8″ A 312 and ASTM A269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 321 Stainless Steel Tube Size: OD 19.05mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F…

American standard for Process piping (ASME B31.3 : 2018) Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 304L Stainless Steel Tubing Size: OD 15.88mm WT 1.245mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 304L 171 171 171 161 151 143 138 A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 304L Size: OD 15.88mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 304L 232 232 232 218 206 195 188 A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 ASTM A269 304L Size: OD 19.05mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 304L…

American standard for Process piping (ASME B31.3 : 2018) Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 316L Size: OD 12.7 mm WT 0.889mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 316L 152 152 152 143 135 128 123 A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 316L Size: OD 12.7 mm WT 1.245mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 316L 217 217 217 204 192 182 175 A 312 and A 269 tube Maximum internal pressure of ASTM A312 A269 316L Size: OD 12.7 mm WT 1.651mm Wall Thickness Tolerance: ± 10% Grade Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Pressurebar Remark   100°F 200°F 300°F 400°F 500°F 600°F 700°F – 316L 297…

ASTM A269 and ASTM A249 are both workable for Welded Stainless Steel Tubes and Pipe. ASTM A249 / A249M Standard Specification for Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes. ASTM A269 / A269M Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service. ASTM A249 ASTM A269 Comparison Chart ASTM A249 and ASTM A269 specifications are two standards for Austenitic stainless steel tubes, there are the same requirements in technical, also they have some differences. Specification ASTM A249 ASTM 269 Tube Manufacturing Welded Welded And Seamless Application BoilerSuperheaterHeat-ExchangerCondenser General Service Sizes OD: maximum 304.8 mmWall Thickness: 0.4 – 8.1 mm Inside Diameter: minium 3.4 mmWall Thickness: 0.51 mm ASTM / ASME ASTM A249 / A249MASME SA249 ASTM A269 / A269M Test Flange Test Flange Test A249 VS A269 Scope Of Application ASTM A249 welded tubes are for boiler, super heater, heat exchanger, condenser system, the…

ASTM A789 ASME SA 789 S31803 S32205 S32101 S32750 S32760 S32304 S31500 S31260 Seamless Tubes Manufacturer

ASTM A213 ASME SA213 TP304 TP304L TP309S TP310S TP316L TP316Ti TP321 TP317L TP347H Heat Exchanger Tube

Stainless Steel Density is very important when we calculate the weight of stainless steel. If you just probably calculated, according to the general steel density is 7.85g/cm³, to carry out the calculation, the difference will not be great ( Such as 316 material price is very expensive, a rough budget entry would be very big ). The following is the comparison of several commonly used stainless steel density meter, for reference purposes only. If you are only estimates, according to common steel density 7.85 / cm³ calculation. Stainless steel materials, we can use the data to calculate the weight of relative theory, the calculating formula is Weight ( kg ) = thickness (mm ) * width * length ( m ) ( m ) * density values ( g / cm³ ) Stainless steel welded pipe conveying fluid density According to the national standard of content, according to China daily accumulation,…

Austenitic grades are those alloys which are commonly in use for stainless steel applications. The austenitic grades are not magnetic. The most common austenitic alloys are iron-chromium-nickel steel and are widely known as the 300 series. The austenitic stainless steel tube, because of their high chromium and nickel content, are the most corrosion resistant of the stainless steel group providing unusually fine mechanical properties. They cannot be hardened by heat treatment, but can be hardened significantly by cold-working. Straight Grades The straight grades of austenitic stainless steel pipe contain a maximum of 0.08% carbon. There is a misconception that straight grades contain a minimum of 0.035% carbon, but the spec does not require this. As long as the material meets the physical requirements of straight grade, there is no minimum carbon requirement.“L” Grades The “L” grades are used to provide extra corrosion resistance after welding. The letter “L” after a stainless steel tubing type indicates low carbon (as in 304L). The carbon…

304 Stainless Steel Tube Sizes, 304L Stainless Steel Tube Sizes, 316 Stainless Steel Tubing Sizes, 316L Stainless Steel Tube Sizes, (Metric): 6 mm, 10mm, 12mm, 20mm, 25mm, 25.4mm, 31.75mm, 32.0mm, 38.1mm, 44.5mm…Stainless Steel Tubing Sizes (Fractional): ¼”, 3/8″, ½”, ¾” and 1″… 304 304L 316 316L Stainless Steel Tube Sizes and Weight OD in mm, Weight in kgs/m (Weight result base on Calculate of “Weight= 0.02507 ×T (D – T )”.) Wall Thickness mmOD mm 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.6 6.0 0.069 0.081 0.093 0.104 0.125 0.144 0.176 – – – – – 10.0 0.119 0.141 0.163 0.184 0.225 0.264 0.336 – – – – – 12.7 0.153 0.182 0.210 0.238 0.293 0.345 0.444 – – – – – 14.0 0.169 0.201 0.233 0.264 0.325 0.384 0.496 – – – – – 15.87 0.192 0.229 0.266 0.301 0.372 0.440 0.571 0.694 – –…

Gauge Size | Pipe Schdule | Nominal Pipe Size | Sheet Metal Gauge | Stainless Steel Pipe Size | Stainless Steel Tube Size | Stainless Steel Pipe Specification | Stainless Steel Pipe Dimensions | ANSI Pipe Chart | Inch to mm Chart | EN 10253 4 Structural Dimensions of fittings ISO 5251 ISO 3419 | Stainless Steel Tubing Sizes Stainless Steel Pipe Sizes include Gauge Size decide the wall thickness,Pipe Schdule according to ASME B36.10M, give us the OD size and wall thickness. Nominal Pipe Size similar with Pipe Schdule. ANSI Pipe Chart. How old were you when you learned that a “2 by 4” isn’t a piece of lumber that measures 2 inches by 4 inches? Have you ever been told that 11/8-inch pipe doesn’t exist? Using the correct terminology when ordering material (or fittings, tools, or other items that must be used with these materials) can save a lot of time, headaches, and money! Many products have a name that for convenience only approximates the material’s size. These are sometimes referred to as nominal dimensions. TubingChina describes nominal…

Gauge Size | Pipe Schdule | Nominal Pipe Size | Sheet Metal Gauge | Stainless Steel Pipe Sizes | Stainless Steel Tube Size | Stainless Steel Pipe Specification | Stainless Steel Pipe Dimensions | ANSI Pipe Chart | Inch to mm Chart | EN 10253 4 Structural Dimensions of fittings ISO 5251 ISO 3419 | Stainless Steel Tubing Sizes Inch to mm Chart Inch Decimal mm 1/16″ 0.0625 1.59 mm 1/8″ 0.1250 3.18 mm 3/16″ 0.1875 4.76 mm 1/4″ 0.2500 6.35 mm 5/16″ 0.3125 7.94 mm 3/8″ 0.3750 9.53 mm 7/16″ 0.4375 11.11 mm  1/2″ 0.5000 12.70 mm  9/16″ 0.5625 14.29 mm 5/8″ 0.6250 15.88 mm  11/16″ 0.6875 17.46 mm  3/4″ 0.7500 19.05 mm 13/16″ 0.8125 20.64 mm 7/8″ 0.8750 22.23 mm 15/16″ 0.9375 23.81 mm 1″ 1.00 25.40 mm 1 1/4″ 1.25 31.75 mm 1 1/2″ 1.50 38.10 mm 2″ 2.00 50.80 mm Inch to mm Chart To Conver To mm;Multiply Inches*25.4  To Conver To mm;Multiply Inches*25.4  To Conver To mm;Multiply Inches*25.4  To Convert To Inches;Multiply mm*0.03937*  To Convert To…

Gauge Size | Pipe Schdule | Nominal Pipe Size | Sheet Metal Gauge | Stainless Steel Pipe Size | Stainless Steel Tube Size | Stainless Steel Pipe Specification | Stainless Steel Pipe Dimensions | ANSI Pipe Chart | Inch to mm Chart According to ASME B36.10 and ASME B 36.19. NPS OD Schedule Designations Wall Thickness Inside Diameter Weight (Inches) (ANSI/ASME)  (Inches)  (Inches) (lbs./ft.)   1/8 0.405 10/10S 0.049 0.307 0.1863 Std./40/40S 0.068 0.269 0.2447 XS/80/80S 0.095 0.215 0.3145  1/4 0.54 10/10S 0.065 0.41 0.3297 Std./40/40S 0.088 0.364 0.4248 XS/80/80S 0.119 0.302 0.5351  3/8 0.675 10/10S 0.065 0.545 0.4235 Std./40/40S 0.091 0.493 0.5676 XS/80/80S 0.126 0.423 0.7388  1/2 0.84 5/5S 0.065 0.71 0.5383 10/10S 0.083 0.674 0.671 Std./40/40S 0.119 0.622 0.851 XS/80/80S 0.147 0.546 1.088 160 0.188 0.466 1.309 XX 0.294 0.252 1.714  3/4 1.05 5/5S 0.065 0.92 0.6838 10/10S 0.083 0.884 0.8572 Std./40/40S 0.113 0.824 1.131 XS/80/80S 0.154 0.742 1.474 160 0.219 0.618 1.944 XX 0.308 0.434 2.441 1 1.315 5/5S 0.065 1.185 0.8678 10/10S 0.109 1.097 1.404 Std./40/40S…