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Brass

C260 C26000 Brass Seamless Tubes








C26000 and C27000 have good flaring and bending properties, drawability and suitable for plating. Applicable to heat exchanger, curtain rod, sanitary tube, parts for various apparatuses and machinery, antenna rod, etc.

Typical Uses for C26000 Cartridge Brass "70%":
  • Architecture: Grillwork
  • Automotive: Odometer Contacts, Heater Cores, Thermostats, Electrical Connectors, Radiator Cores, Radiator Tube, Radiator Tanks, Tanks
  • Builders Hardware: Odometer Contacts, Heater Cores, Thermostats, Electrical Connectors, Radiator Cores, Radiator Tube, Radiator Tanks, Tanks
  • Consumer: Snaps, Planters, Fireplace Screens, Etched Articles, Bird Cages, Coinage, Chain Links, Pen/Pencil Inserts and Clips, Syringe Parts, Watch Parts, Costume Jewelry, Buttons, Shells - Electrical Sockets, Lamps
  • Electrical: Terminal Connectors, Flashlight Shells, Lamp Fixtures, Reflectors, Screw Shells
  • Fasterners: Pins, Rivets, Fasteners, Grommets, Eyelets, Screws
  • Industrial: Air Pressure Conveyer Systems, Sound Proofing Equipment, Springs, Chain, Bead Chain, Tubing for Instruments and Machines, Heat Exchanger, Pump Cylinders, Wire Screens, Pumps, Liners, Power Cylinders
  • Ordinance: Ammunition Cartridge Cases, Mechanical Housings for Lighters, Shells - Mechanical Housings for Ammunition, Ammunition
  • Plumbing: Fittings, Bathroom Fixtures, Plumbing Accessories, Faucet Escutcheons, Traps, Plumbing Brass Goods
  • Other: Stencils, Washers

C26000 Brass Seamless Tubes Standard Specification:

COUNTRY STANDARD NAME
ASTM ASTM B111 Copper and Copper-Alloy Seamless Condenser Tubes and Ferrule Stock
GB/T GB/T8890 Seamless Copper Alloy Heat Exchanger Tubes
BS BS2871 Copper and Copper Alloys Tubes
JIS JIS H3300 Copper and Copper Alloy-Seamless Pipes and Tubes
DIN DIN1785 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers


C26000 Cartridge Brass "70%" ASTM B134
Has the highest ductility in the yellow brass series. Easily machined but is more often cold formed.

260 Brass (Cartridge Brass)
260 Brass is known by about a zillion different names, but the most common are yellow brass and cartridge brass, the second because it is generally used for shell casings. As a rule, it is only available in sheet, and is not very machinable, but is a great combination of formability and workability.

C260 Cartridge Brass
Minimum Mechanical Properties Ultimate Tensile Strength, psi 61,600
Yield Strength, psi 52,200
Elongation 23%
Rockwell Hardness B77
Chemical Composition Copper (Cu) 68.5 - 71.5%
Zinc (Zn) 28.5 - 31.5%
Iron (Fe) 0.05% max
Lead (Pb) 0.07% max



Material Designation Corresponding Material Symbol
GB/T8890 ASTM B111 BS2871 JIS H3300 DIN 1785
Copper-Nickel BFe10-1-1 C70600 Pipe CN102 C7060 CuNi10Fe1Mn
BFe30-1-1 C71500 Pipe CN107 C7150 CuNi30Mn1Fe
(BFe30-2-2) C71640 CN108 C7164 CuNi30Fe2Mn2
(BFe5-1.5-0.5) C70400
B7
Aluminium Brass HAL77-2 C68700 Tube CZ110 C6870 CuZn20Al2
Admiralty Brass HSn70-1 C44300 Tube CZ111 C4430 CuZn28Sn1
Boric Brass Hsn70-18
HSn70-1 AB
Arsenical Brass H68A CZ126
Brass Tubes H65/H63 C28000/C27200 CZ108 C2800/C2700 CuZn36/CuZn37

ASTM B111 is issued under the fixed designation B111/B111M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.


C70600 . . . 90-10 Copper-Nickel
This specification establishes the requirements for C70620 ... 90-10 Copper-Nickel— Welding Grade

seamless tube and ferrule stock of copper and various copper

alloys up to 318 in. [80 mm] inclusive, in diameter, for use in

C71000 . . . 80-20 Copper-Nickel

C71500 . . . 70-30 Copper-Nickel

surface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers. The following coppers and copper alloys are specified:3 (Warn- ing—Mercury is a definite health hazard in use and disposal.

C71520

C71640

70-30 Copper-Nickel

Welding Grade Copper-nickel-iron- manganese

(See 12.1.))

C10100 C10200

OFE

Oxygen-free electronic Oxygen-free without

OFA

residual deoxidants

C10300

Oxygen-free, extra low

...

phosphorus

C10800

Oxygen-free, low

rrr

...

phosphorus

C12000


DLPA

Phosphorized, low residual phosphorus

C12200


DHPA

Phosphorized, high residual phosphorus

C14200

DPAA

Phosphorized, arsenical

C19200

. . .

Phosphorized, 1 % iron

C23000

. . .

Red Brass

C28000

. . .

Muntz Metal

C44300 Tube

Admiralty Metals, B, C,

...

and D

C44400

C44500

C60800

. . .

Aluminum Bronze

C61300

. . .

. . .

C61400

. . .

Aluminum Bronze, D

C68700 Tube

. . .

Aluminum Brass, B

C70400

. . .

95-5 Copper-Nickel

C10100 C10200

OFE

Oxygen-free electronic Oxygen-free without

OFA

residual deoxidants

C10300

Oxygen-free, extra low

...

phosphorus

C10800

Oxygen-free, low

...

phosphorus

C12000


DLPA

Phosphorized, low residual phosphorus

C12200


DHPA

Phosphorized, high residual phosphorus

C14200

DPAA

Phosphorized, arsenical

C19200

. . .

Phosphorized, 1 % iron

C23000

. . .

Red Brass

C28000

. . .

Muntz Metal

C44300

Admiralty Metals, B, C,

...

and D

C44400

C44500

C60800

. . .

Aluminum Bronze

C61300

. . .

. . .

C61400

. . .

Aluminum Bronze, D

C68700

. . .

Aluminum Brass, B

C70400

. . .

95-5 Copper-Nickel

Copper or Copper Alloy UNS No.

Previously Used

Designation Description

C72200 . . . . . .

A Designations listed in Classification B224.

  • Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch- pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non- conformance with the standard.

  • The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 19, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita- tions prior to use.

  • Referenced Documents

    1. The following documents in the current issue of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards form a part of this specifi- cation to the extent referenced herein:

    2. ASTM Standards:4

      B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and Copper Alloy Pipe and Tubing

      B154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for Copper Alloys

      B170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper— Refinery Shapes

      B224 Classification of Coppers

      B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys

      B858 Test Method for Ammonia Vapor Test for Determining Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking in Copper Alloys

      E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials

      [Metric] (Withdrawn 2008)5

      E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications

      E53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in Unalloyed Copper by Gravimetry

      E54 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Special Brasses and Bronzes (Withdrawn 2002)5

      E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)5 E75 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-Nickel

      and Copper-Nickel-Zinc Alloys (Withdrawn 2010)5

      E76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Copper Alloys (Withdrawn 2003)5

      E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size E243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examina-

      tion of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes

      E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical Composition

      E478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the

      Unified Numbering System (UNS)

    3. Terminology

      Definitions:

      For definitions of terms relating to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.

  • Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:

    capable of—the test need not be performed by the producer of the material. However, should subsequent testing by the purchaser establish that the material does not meet these requirements, the material shall be subject to rejection.

    Ordering Information

    Include the following information when placing orders for product under this specification:

    ASTM Designation and year of approval (for example, ASTM B111/B111M – 04),

    Copper or Copper Alloy UNS Designation (see Table 1),

    Form (tube or ferrule stock),

    Temper (see Temper section),

    Dimensions, outside diameter, and wall thickness,

    The following options are available and should be specified at the time of placing of the order when required:

    Tension Test required per ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Mechanical Properties section.

    Pressure test as an alternative to eddy current test (Nondestructive Testing Section).

    If the cut ends of the tubes do not need to be deburred (Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance section).

    If the product is to be subsequently welded (Table 1, Footnotes G and H).

    Residual Stress Test—Ammonia Vapor Test or Mer- curous Nitrate Test (Performance Requirements Section).

    For Ammonia Vapor Test, risk level (pH value) if other than 10.

    Heat identification or traceability details (Number of tests and Retests section).

    Certification (Certification Section).

    Mill Test Report (Mill Test Report Section).

    If a subsequent thermal treatment after straightening is required (Temper section).

    Materials and Manufacture

    Materials—The material shall be of such quality and purity that the finished product shall have the properties and characteristics prescribed in this specification.

    Manufacture—The product shall be produced by pro- cesses such as casting, extrusion, drawing, annealing, straightening, trimming, and other processes which may pro- duce a seamless tube in the specified condition.

    Chemical Composition

    The product shall conform to the chemical requirements specified in Table 1.

    These composition limits do not preclude the presence of other elements. Limits for unnamed elements may be established by agreement between manufacturer or supplier and purchaser.

    Copper Alloy UNS No. C19200—Copper may be taken as the difference between the sum of all the elements analyzed and 100 %. When all the elements in Table 1 are analyzed, their sum shall be 99.8 % minimum.

    For copper alloys in which copper is specified as the remainder, copper may be taken as the difference between the sum of all the elements analyzed and 100 %.

    When all the elements in Table 1 are analyzed, their sum shall be as shown in the following table:

    whether minimum or nominal (Dimensions and Permissible Variations Section),

    Quantity—total weight or total length or number of

    Copper Alloy UNS No.

    Copper Plus Named Elements, % min

    pieces of each size, and

    If product is purchased for agencies of the U.S. Government (see the Supplementary Requirements Section).

    C60800 99.5

    C61300 99.8

    C61400 99.5

    C70400 99.5

    C70600 Pipe & C70620 99.5

    C71000 99.5

    C71500 & C71520 99.5

    C71640 99.5

    C72200 99.8

    Copper or Copper

    Nickel,

    TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements

    Composition, %

    Other

    Alloy UNS No.

    CopperA Tin Aluminum

    incl Cobalt

    Lead,

    max

    Iron Zinc Manganese Arsenic Antimony Phosphorus Chromium

    Named Elements

    A Copper (including silver).

    max Ti.03

    maxH

    B This value is exclusive of silver and shall be determined by difference of “impurity total” from 100 %. “Impurity total” is defined as the sum of sulfur, silver, lead, tin, bismuth, arsenic, antimony, iron, nickel, mercury, zinc, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, manganese, cadmium, and oxygen present in the sample.

    C Impurity maximums in ppm for C10100 shall be: antimony 4, arsenic 5, bismuth 1, cadmium 1, iron 10, lead 5, manganese 0.5, mercury 1, nickel 10, oxygen 5, phosphorus 3, selenium 3, silver 25, sulfur 15, tellurium

    2, tin 2, and zinc 1.

    D Oxygen in C10200 shall be 10 ppm max.

    E Copper plus sum of named elements shall be 99.95 % min.

    F Silicon shall be 0.10 % max.

    G When the product is for subsequent welding applications and is so specified by the purchaser, chromium shall be 0.05 % max, cadmium 0.05 % max, zinc 0.05 % max, and zirconium 0.05 % max.

    H When the product is for subsequent welding applications, and so specified by the purchaser, zinc shall be 0.50 % max, lead 0.02 % max, phosphorus 0.02 % max, sulfur 0.02 % max, and carbon 0.05 % max.

    TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements—Inch-Pound Values

    NOTE 1—See Table 3 for tensile requirements—SI values.

    Temper Designation

    Tensile Strength,

    Yield Strength,B Elongation

    Copper or Copper Alloy UNS No.

    Standard

    Former

    min ksiA

    min ksiA

    in 2 in.,

    min %

    C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200,

    H55

    light-drawn

    36

    30

    . . .

    C14200

    C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200,

    H80

    hard-drawn

    45

    40

    . . .

    C14200

    C19200

    H55

    light-drawn

    40

    35

    . . .

    C19200

    H80

    hard-drawn

    48

    43

    . . .

    C19200

    O61

    annealed

    38

    12

    . . .

    C23000

    O61

    annealed

    40

    12

    . . .

    C28000

    O61

    annealed

    50

    20

    . . .

    C44300, C44400, C44500

    O61

    annealed

    45

    15

    . . .

    C60800

    O61

    annealed

    50

    19

    . . .

    C61300, C61400

    O61

    annealed

    70

    30

    . . .

    C68700

    O61

    annealed

    50

    18

    . . .

    C70400

    O61

    annealed

    38

    12

    . . .

    C70400

    H55

    light-drawn

    40

    30

    . . .

    C70600, C70620

    O61

    annealed

    40

    15

    . . .

    C70600, C70620

    H55

    light-drawn

    45

    35

    . . .

    C71000

    O61

    annealed

    45

    16

    . . .

    C71500, C71520

    O61

    annealed

    52

    18

    . . .

    C71500, C71520

    Wall thicknesses up to 0.048 in., incl

    HR50

    drawn and stress-relieved

    72

    50

    12

    Wall thicknesses over 0.048 in.

    HR50

    drawn and stress-relieved

    72

    50

    15

    C71640

    O61

    annealed

    63

    25

    . . .

    C71640

    HR50

    drawn and stress relieved

    81

    58

    . . .

    C72200

    O61

    annealed

    45

    16

    . . .

    C72200

    H55

    light-drawn

    50

    45

    . . .

    A ksi = 1000 psi.

    B At 0.5 % extension under load.

    6.2.3 For copper alloys in which zinc is specified as the remainder, either copper or zinc may be taken as the difference between the sum of all the elements analyzed and 100 %.

    6.2.3.1 When all the elements in Table 1 are analyzed, their sum shall be as shown in the following table:

    Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200, and C14200 shall be supplied in any one of the following tempers, one of which shall be specified: (1) light-drawn (H55), (2) hard-drawn (H80), or (3) hard drawn and end annealed (HE80).

    Copper Alloy UNS No.

    Copper Plus Named Elements, % min

  • Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS No. C19200 shall be supplied in any one of the following tempers, one of which

    Temper

    C23000 99.8

    C28000 99.7

    C44300 99.6

    C44400 99.6

    C44500 99.6

    C68700 99.5

    shall be specified: (1) annealed (O61), (2) light-drawn (H55),

    (3) hard-drawn (H80), or (4) hard-drawn, and end-annealed (HE80).

  • Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C70400, C70600, C70620, and C72200 may be supplied in either light-drawn (H55) or annealed (O61) temper.

  • Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C28000, C44300, C44400, C44500, C60800, C61300, C61400, C68700, and C71000 shall be furnished in the annealed (O61) temper unless otherwise specified on the purchase order.

  • Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C71500, C71520, and C71640 shall be supplied in one of the following tempers as specified: (1) annealed (O61) or (2) drawn, and stress-relieved (HR50).

  • Tubes for ferrule stock shall be annealed sufficiently to be fully recrystallized.

  • Optional Post-Straightening Thermal Treatment—Some tubes, when subjected to aggressive environments, may have the potential for stress-corrosion cracking failure due to the residual stresses induced during straightening processing. For such applications, it is suggested that tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C28000, C44300, C44400, C44500,

  • TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements—SI Values

    NOTE 1—See Table 2 for tensile requirements—inch-pound values.

    Temper Designation

    Tensile Strength,

    Yield Strength,A Elongation

    Copper or Copper Alloy UNS No.

    Standard

    Former

    min MPa

    min MPa

    in 50 mm,

    min %

    C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200,

    H55

    light-drawn

    250

    205

    . . .

    C14200

    C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200,

    H80

    hard-drawn

    310

    275

    . . .

    C14200

    C19200

    H55

    light-drawn

    275

    240

    . . .

    C19200

    H80

    hard-drawn

    330

    295

    . . .

    C19200

    O61

    annealed

    260

    85

    . . .

    C23000

    O61

    annealed

    275

    85

    . . .

    C28000

    O61

    annealed

    345

    140

    . . .

    C44300, C44400, C44500

    O61

    annealed

    310

    105

    . . .

    C60800

    O61

    annealed

    345

    130

    . . .

    C61300, C61400

    O61

    annealed

    480

    205

    . . .

    C68700

    O61

    annealed

    345

    125

    . . .

    C70400

    O61

    annealed

    260

    85

    . . .

    C70400

    H55

    light-drawn

    275

    205

    . . .

    C70600, C70620

    O61

    annealed

    275

    105

    . . .

    C70600, C70620

    H55

    light-drawn

    310

    240

    . . .

    C71000

    O61

    annealed

    310

    110

    . . .

    C71500, C71520

    O61

    annealed

    360

    125

    . . .

    C71500, C71520:

    Wall thicknesses up to 1.2 mm incl

    HR50

    drawn and stress-relieved

    495

    345

    12

    Wall thicknesses over 1.2 mm.

    HR50

    drawn and stress-relieved

    495

    345

    15

    C71640

    O61

    annealed

    435

    170

    . . .

    C71640

    HR50

    drawn and stress relieved

    560

    400

    . . .

    C72200

    O61

    annealed

    310

    110

    . . .

    C72200

    H55

    light-drawn

    345

    310

    . . .

    A At 0.5 % extension under load.

    C60800, C61300, C61400, and C68700 be subjected to a stress-relieving thermal treatment subsequent to straightening. If required, this must be specified on the purchase order or contract. Tolerances for roundness and length, and the condi- tion of straightness, for tube so ordered, shall be to the requirements agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

    Mechanical Properties

    Material specified to meet the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code shall have tensile properties as prescribed in Table 2 or Table 3.

    Grain Size for Annealed Tempers

    Grain size shall be a standard requirement for all product in the annealed (O61) temper.

    Samples of annealed-temper tubes selected for test shall be subjected to microscopical examination per Test Methods E112 at a magnification of 75 diameters and shall show uniform and complete recrystallization.

    Products other than of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C19200 and C28000 shall have an average grain size within the limits of 0.010 to 0.045 mm. These requirements do not apply to tubes of light-drawn (H55), hard-drawn (H80), hard-drawn and end-annealed (HE80), or drawn and stress-relieved tem- pers (HR50).

    Expansion Test

    Tube specimens selected for test shall withstand the expansion shown in Table 4 when expanded in accordance with

    Test Method B153. The expanded tube shall show no cracking or rupture visible to the unaided eye.

    Hard-drawn tubes not end annealed are not subject to this test. When tubes are specified end annealed, this test is required and shall be performed on the annealed ends of the sampled tubes.

    Tubes for ferrule stock are not subject to the expansion test.

    Flattening Test

    Test Method—Each test specimen shall be flattened in a press at three (3) places along the length, each new place to be rotated on its axis approximately one third turn from the last flattened area. Each flattened area shall be at least 2 in. in length. A flattened test-specimen shall allow a micrometer caliper set at three (3) times the wall thickness to pass freely over the flattened area. The flattened areas of the test specimen shall be inspected for surface defects.

    During inspection, the flattened areas of the test- specimen shall be free of defects, but blemishes of a nature that do not interfere with the intended application are acceptable.

    Tubes for ferrule stock are not subject to flattening test.

    Residual Stress Test

    A residual stress test, when specified in the purchase order, is required only for Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C28000, C44300, C44400, C44500, C60800, C61300, C61400, and C68700 and when not supplied in an annealed temper.

    TABLE 4 Expansion Requirements


    Standard

    Temper Designation

    Copper or Copper Alloy UNS No.

    Former

    Expansion of Tube Outside Diameter, in Percent of Original Outside Diameter

    O61

    annealed C19200

    30

    C23000

    20

    C28000

    15

    C44300, C44400, C44500

    20

    C60800

    20

    C61300, C61400

    20

    C68700

    20

    C70400

    30

    C70600, C70620

    30

    C71000

    30

    C71500, C71520

    30

    C71640

    30

    C72200

    30

    H55

    light-drawn C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800,

    20

    C12000, C12200

    C14200

    20

    C19200

    20

    C70400

    20

    C70600, C70620

    20

    C72200

    20

    HR50

    drawn and stress relieved C71500, C71520

    20

    C71640

    20

    . . .

    hard-drawn and end annealed C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800,

    30

    C12000, C12200, C14200

    Unless otherwise specified, the producer shall have the option of testing the product to either the mercurous nitrate test, Test Method B154, or the ammonia vapor test, Test Method B858, as prescribed below.

    1. Mercurous Nitrate Test:

      1. Warning—Mercury is a definite health hazard and therefore equipment for the detection and removal of mercury vapor produced in volatilization is recommended. The use of rubber gloves in testing is advisable.

      2. The test specimens, cut 6 in. [150 mm] in length, shall withstand without cracking, an immersion in the standard mercurous nitrate solution prescribed in Test Method B154. The test specimen shall include the finished tube end.

    2. Ammonia Vapor Test:

      1. The test specimens, cut 6 in. [150 mm] in length, shall withstand without cracking ,the ammonia vapor test as prescribed in Test Method B858. For the purposes of this specification, unless otherwise agreed between purchaser and supplier, the risk level identified in the Annex of Method B858, shall be specified as risk level (pH value) of 10.

    Nondestructive Testing

    Each tube shall be subjected to the eddy-current test in

    13.1.1. Tubes may be tested in the final drawn, annealed, or heat-treated temper or in the drawn temper before the final anneal or heat treatment unless otherwise agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser. The purchaser may specify either of the tests in 13.1.2 or 13.1.3 as an alternative to the eddy-current test.

    Eddy-Current Test—Each tube shall be passed through an eddy-current testing unit adjusted to provide information on the suitability of the tube for the intended application. Testing shall follow the procedures of Practice E243.

    The depth of the round-bottom transverse notches and the diameters of the drilled holes in the calibrating tube used to adjust the sensitivity of the test unit are shown in Tables 5 and 6, and Tables 7 and 8, respectively.

    Tubes that do not actuate the signaling device of the eddy-current tester shall be considered to conform to the requirements of this test. Tubes causing irrelevant signals because of moisture, soil, and like effects may be reconditioned and retested. Such tubes, when retested to the original test parameters, shall be considered to conform if they do not cause output signals beyond the acceptable limits. Tubes causing irrelevant signals because of visible and identifiable handling marks may be retested by the hydrostatic test prescribed in 13.1.2, or the pneumatic test prescribed in 13.1.3. Tubes meeting requirements of either test shall be considered to conform if the tube dimensions are within the prescribed limits, unless otherwise agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

    Hydrostatic Test—Each tube shall stand, without showing evidence of leakage, an internal hydrostatic pressure sufficient to subject the material to a fiber stress of 7000 psi [48 MPa] as determined by the following equation for thin hollow cylinders under tension. The tube need not be tested at a hydrostatic pressure of over 1000 psi [7.0 MPa] unless so specified.

    P 5 2St/~D 2 0.8t!

    where:

    P = hydrostatic pressure, psig [MPa];

    t = thickness of tube wall, in. [mm];

    D = outside diameter of the tube, in. [mm]; and

    S = allowable stress of the material, psi [MPa].

    Pneumatic Test—Each tube shall be subjected to an internal air pressure of 60 psig [400 kPa], min, for 5 s without


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