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ASTM A519 ASME SA519 Carbon Steel 1020








1020 - Good general purpose low carbon steel. Good machinability and formability. Used in automotive cams carbon steel. 1020 steel bars are characterized by a combination of good strength and high ductility. Ductility is the ability of a material to be shaped or molded. 1020 steel is also known for its machinability, a term used to describe the ability of a material to be machined easily. 1020 steel bar can be used for a variety of general engineering and construction applications including axles and automobile parts.

Strength and Hardness
The tensile strength of 1020 steel bars typically ranges from 410 to 790 Mpa. Tensile strength is the maximum stress a material can withstand without tearing. The steel has a Brinell hardness range of 119 to 235. The Brinell hardness test method measures the indentation of a weight-loaded hardened steel or carbide ball on a material and is an indicator of that material's strength, or hardness. 1020 steel density is .284 pounds per cubic inch.

1020 steel is composed mostly of manganese and carbon. Percentages of manganese range from 30% to 90%. Percentages of carbon can range from 15% to 25%. Silicon can comprise anywhere from 0% to 35%. Smaller amounts of phosphorous and sulfur can be account for up to 5% of the composition of the steel respectively.

Working With 1020 Steel
1020 steel bar can be welded easily through normal welding methods. The steel's melting point is 2,760 degrees Fahrenheit and can be welded, cut or heat worked within the range of 850 to 1200 degrees Fahrenheit. The bar can be cold worked, or hardened by various methods including flexing, by normal cold working methods.




Principal Design Features

1020 is one of the very commonly used plain carbon steels. It has a nominal carbon content of 0.20% with approximately 0.50% manganese. It is a good combination of strength and ductility and may be hardened or carburized.

Applications

1020 steel is used for simple structural application such as cold headed bolts. It is often used in the case hardened condition.

Machinability

Machinability is good at 65% compared to 1112 carbon steel as 100% baseline.

Forming

Formability is good by all conventional methods as the ductility of 1020 is good.

Welding

Readily weldable by all of the standard methods. 1020 steel have a good weldability, and can be welded in electric-arc welding (EAW) and argon-arc welding. The ductility and toughness a little worse than Cr-Ni Steel. The manual EAW can use Austenite 707, 302 and 402 welding rod. After welded, the welded joint can test with “L” measure inter granular test without solution annealing, but can’t use “T” measure.

Heat Treatment

1020 may be hardened by heating to 1500 - 1600 F (1050-1100℃)and then water quenching. It should then be tempered. More often it is used as case hardened by carburizing . The cost of doing any heat treatment to such a low carbon steel often precludes doing so for the modest return in mechanical properties obtained.

Forging

Forge at 2300 down to 1800 F.

Hot Working

Hot work in the range of 900 to 1200 F.

Cold Working

1020 steel is readily cold worked by all conventional methods. A stress relief anneal may be needed after extensive cold work.

Annealing

A full anneal is done at 1600 to 1800 F followed by slow furnace cooling. This will give a tensile strength of about 65 ksi. A stress relief anneal may be done at 1000 F.

Tempering

Temper, following heat treatment and quenching, at 600 to 1000 F depending upon strength level desired. A 1000 F temper gives a tensile strength of 90 ksi.

Hardening
1020 steel hardens by cold working an by heat treatment, quenching and tempering.
Chemistry Data
Carbon 0.17 - 0.23
Iron Balance
Manganese 0.3 - 0.6
Phosphorus 0.04 max
Sulphur 0.05 max
Physical Data
Density (lb / cu. in.) 0.284
Specific Gravity 7.86
Specific Heat (Btu/lb/Deg F - [32-212 Deg F]) 0.107
Melting Point (Deg F) 2760
Poissons Ratio 0.3
Thermal Conductivity 360
Mean Coeff Thermal Expansion 6.7
Modulus of Elasticity Tension 30
Modulus of Elasticity Torsion 11
Mechanical Data
Form Round Bar
Condition Cold Drawn
Temper 68
Tensile Strength 64
Yield Strength 54
Elongation 24
Reduction of Area 54
Rockwell B79
Brinnell 126
Form Round Bar
Condition Hot Rolled
Temper 68
Tensile Strength 55
Yield Strength 30
Elongation 25
Reduction of Area 50
Rockwell B76
Brinnell 137

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Germany
China
England
France
Italy
Belgium
Swed
Spain
Japan
USA
Material No. DIN GB BS EN AFNOR UNI NBN SS UNE JIS AISI
1.0401 C15 15 080M15 - CC12 C15C16 - 1350 F.111 - 1015
1.0402 C22 20 050A20 2C CC20 C20C21 C25-1 1450 F.112 - 1020
1.0501 C35 35 060A35 - CC35 C35 C35-1 1550 F.113 - 1035
1.0503 C45 45 080M40 - CC45 C45 C45-1 1650 F.114 - 1045
1.0535 C55 55 070M55 - - C55 C55-1 1655 - - 1055
1.0601 C60 60 080A62 43D CC55 C60 C60-1 - - - 1060
1.7015 9SMn28 Y15 230M07 - S250 CF9SMn28 - 1912 11SMn28 SUM22 1213
1.0718 9SMnPb28 - - - S250Pb CF9MnPb28 - 1914 11SMnPb28 SUM22L 12L13
1.0722 10SPb20 - - - 10PbF2 CF10Pb20 - - 10SPb20 - -
1.0726 35S20 - 212M36 8M 35MF4 - - 1957 F210G - 1140
1.0736 9SMn36 Y13 240M07 1B S300 CF9SMn36 - - 12SMn35 - 1215
1.0737 9SMnPb36 - - - S300Pb CF9SMnPb36 - 1926 12SMnP35 - 12L14
1.0904 55Si9 55Si2Mn 250A53 45 55S7 55Si8 55Si7 2085 56Si7 - 9255
1.0961 60SiCr7 - - - 60SC7 60SiCr8 60SiCr8 - 60SiCr8 - 9262
1.1141 Ck15 15 080M15 32C XC12 C16 C16-2 1370 C15K S15C 1015
1.1157 40Mn4 40Mn 150M36 15 35M5 - - - - - 1039
1.1158 Ck25 25 - - - - C25-2 - - S25C 1025
1.1167 36Mn5 35Mn2 - - 40Mn5 - - 2120 36Mn5 SMn438 1335
1.1170 28Mn6 30Mn 150M28 14A 20M5 C28Mn 28Mn6 - - SCMn1 1330
1.1183 Cf35 35Mn 060A35 - XS38TS C36 C36 1572 - S35C 1035
1.1191 45 Ck45 080M46 - XC42 C45 C45-2 1672 C45K S45C 1045
1.1203 Ck55 55 070M55 - XC45 C50 C55-2 - C55K S55C 1055
1.1213 Cf53 50 060A52 - XC48TS C53 C53 1674 - S50C 1050
1.1221 Ck60 60Mn 080A62 43D XC60 C60 C60-2 1678 - S58C 1060
1.1274 Ck101 - 060A96 - - - - 1870 - SUP4 1095
1.3401 X120Mn12 - Z120M12 - X120M12 XG120Mn12 - - X120Mn12 SCMn
H/1
-
1.3505 100Cr6 Gr15
45Gr
534A99 31 100C6 100Cr6 - 2258 F.131 SUJ2 52100
1.5415 15Mo3 - 1501-240 - 15D3 16Mo3KW 16Mo3 2912 16Mo3 - ASTM A20Gr.A

Structural Steel Comparison Table 2
Germany China England France Italy Belgium Swe Spain
Material No. DIN GB BS EN AFNOR UNI NBN SS UNE
1.5426 16Mo5 - 1503-245-420 - - 16Mo5 16Mo5 - 16Mo5
1.5622 14Ni6 - - - 16N6 14Ni6 18Ni6 - 15Ni6
1.5662 X8Ni9 - 1501-509;510 - - X10Ni9 10Ni36 - XBNi09
1.5680 12Ni19 - - - Z18N5 - 12Ni20 - -
1.5710 36NiCr6 - 640A35 111A 35NC6 - - - -
1.5732 14NiCr10 - - - 14NC11 16NiCr11 - - 15NiCr11
1.5752 14NiCr14 - 655M13;655A12 36A 12NC15 - 13NiCr12 - -
1.6511 36CrNiMo4 - 816M40 110 40NCD3 38CrNiMo4 - - 35CrNiMo4
1.6523 21NiCrMo2 - 850M20 362 20NCD2 20NiCrMo2 - 2503 20NiCrMo2
1.6546 40NiCrMo2 - 311-Type7 - - 40NiCrMo2 40NiCrMo2 - 40NiCrMo2
1.6582 34CrNiMo6 40CrNiMoA 817M40 24 35NCD6 35CrNiMo6 35CrNiMo6 2541 -
1.6587 17CrNiMo6 - 820A16 - 18NCD6 - 17CrNiMo7 - 14CrNiMo13
1.7015 15Cr3 15Cr 523M15 - 12C3 - 15Cr2 - -
1.7033 34Cr4 35Cr 530A32 18B 32C4 34Cr4(KB) 34Cr4 - 35Cr4
1.7035 41Cr4 40Cr 530M40 18 42C4 41Cr4 42Cr4 - 42Cr4
1.7045 42Cr4 40Cr - - - - - 2245 42Cr4
1.7131 16MnCr15 18CrMn (527M20) - 16MC5 16MnCr15 16MnCr15 2511 16MnCr15
1.7176 55Cr3 20CrMn 527A60 48 55C3 - 55Cr3 - -
1.7218 25CrMo4 30CrMn 1717CDS110 - 25CD4 25CrMo4 25CrMo4 2225 55Cr3
1.7220 34CrMo4 35CrMo 708A37 19B 35CD4 35CrMo4 34CrMo4 2234 34CrMo4
1.7223 41CrMo4 40CrMoA 708M40 19A 42CD4TS 41CrMo4 41CrMo4 2244 41CrMo4
1.7225 42CrMo4 42CrMo;
42CrMnMo
708M40 19A 42CD4 42CrMo4 42CrMo4 2244 42CrMo4
1.7262 15CrMo5 - - - 12CD4 - - 2216 12CrMo4
1.7335 13CrMo44 - 1501-620Gr.27 - 15CD3.5;
15CD4.5
14CrMo44 14CrMo45 - 14CrMo45
1.7361 32CrMo12 - 722M24 40B 30CD12 32CrMo12 32CrMo12 2240 F.124.A
1.7380 10CrMo910 - 1501-622Gr.31;45 - 12CD9;10 12CrMo9,10 - 2218 TU.H
1.7715 14MoV63 - 1503-660-440 - - - 13MoCrV6 - 13MoCrV6
1.8159 50CrV4 50CrVA 735A50 47 50CV4 50CrV4 50CrV4 2230 51CrV4
1.8509 41CrAlMo7 - 905M39 41B 40CAD6,12 41CrAlMo7 41CrAlMo7 2940 41CrAlMo7
1.8523 39CrMoV139 - 897M39 40C - 36CrMoV12 36CrMoV13 - -

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