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Fabrication

Welding Process and Letter Designations






The AWS definition for a welding process is "a materials joining process which produces coalescence of material by heating them to suitable temperature with or without the application of pressure or by the application of pressure alone and with o without the use of filler material".

AWS has grouped the processes together according to the "mode of energy transfer" as the primary consideration. A secondary factor is the "influence of capillary attraction in effecting distribution of filler metal" in the joint. Capillary attraction distinguishes the welding processes grouped under "Brazing" and "Soldering" from "Arc Welding", "Gas Welding", "Resistance Welding", "Solid State Welding", and "Other Processes."

This table shows the official groupings and also shows the letter designation for each process. The letter designation assigned to the process can be used for identification on drawings, tables, etc.



Group Welding Process Letter Designation
Arc welding Carbon Arc CAW
Flux Cored Arc FCAW
Gas Metal Arc GMAW
Gas Tungsten Arc GTAW
Plasma Arc PAW
Shielded Metal Arc SMAW
Stud Arc SW
Submerged Arc SAW
Brazing Diffusion Brazing DFB
Dip Brazing DB
Furnace Brazing FB
Induction Brazing IB
Infrared Brazing IRB
Resistance Brazing RB
Torch Brazing TB
Oxyfuel Gas Welding Oxyacetylene Welding OAW
Oxyhydrogen Welding OHW
Pressure Gas Welding PGW
Resistance Welding Flash Welding FW
High Frequency Resistance HFRW
Percussion Welding PEW
Projection Welding RPW
Resistance-Seam Welding RSEW
Resistance-Spot Welding RSW
Upset Welding UW
Solid State Welding Cold Welding CW
Diffusion Welding DFW
Explosion Welding EXW
Forge Welding FOW
Friction Welding FRW
Hot Pressure Welding HPW
Roll Welding ROW
Ultrasonic Welding USW
Soldering Dip Soldering DS
Furnace Soldering FS
Induction Soldering IS
Infrared Soldering IRS
Iron Soldering INS
Resistance Soldering RS
Torch Soldering TS
Wave Soldering WS
Other Welding Processes Electron Beam EBW
Electroslag ESW
Induction IW
Laser Beam LBW
Thermit TW


Related References:
1. Welding Process and Letter Designations
2. Welding Stainless Steel to other Steel
3. Welding and Post Fabrication Cleaning for Construction and Architectural Application
4. Welded Stainless Steel Pipe
5. Post weld cleaning and finishing of stainless steel
6. Avoid PWHT Post Weld Heat Treatment
7. Fume Associated With Welding Stainless Steel
8. Avoiding Distortion During Welding Stainless Steel
9. Design Strength of Welded Connections
10. Processes for Welding Stainless Steel
11. Brazing Stainless Steel
12. Soldering Stainless Steel
13. Welding Stainless Steel
14. Selection of Welding Consumables Filler
15. Selection of Welding Consumable for Welding Stainless Steel
16. Filler Metals For Welding Stainless Steel
17. Schaeffler and Delong Diagrams for Predicting Ferrite Levels
18. Welding Properties of Stainless Steel
19. 308L 309L 316L 347 Filler Metal Introduction
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EN 10216-5
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UNS N08020 Alloy 20 Tubing
UNS N02200 Alloy 200 Tube
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C68700 Brass Seamless Tubes
C70600 Copper Nickel Tubes
C71500 Copper Nickel Tubes
DIN 2391 Seamless Precision Steel Tubes
EN 10305-1 E215 E235 E355 Seamless Precision Steel Tube Tubing Tubes
DIN 2393 St28 St34.2 St37.2 St44.2 St52.3 Welded Precision Steel Tubes
EN 10305-2 E195 E235 E355 Welded Cold Drawn Precision Steel Tube