EN 10272 Elevated and Sub-zero Temperature Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel

EN 10272 is the material standard for stainless steel bars for pressure purposes. Most of the steel in EN 10272 have the same chemical composition as bar grades specified in EN10088-3, which also specifies the ambient temperature mechanical properties for the bars. The exception is grade 1.4951 which was added in the 2007 edition of the standard. Except for this grade, only the specified elevated and sub-zero temperature mechanical properties are covered in this article.

The elevated and sub-zero temperature mechanical properties shown in this article include 0.2 and 1.0% proof strengths, tensile strength (Ultimate Tensile Strength) and impact (charpy) strength in the finally heat treated condition.

The 0.2% and 1.0% proof strength in EN 10272 are expressed in unit of N/mm2 (Mpa). These are shown below in tables.

Designation		Condition	Minimum 0.2% proof strength Rp0.2 at a temperature of (C)
Steel name	Steel number	Condition	100	150	200	250	300	350	400	450	500	550
Ferritic stainless steel
X2CrNi12	1.4003	A	240	230	220	215	210	-	-	-	-	-
Martensitic stainless steel
X12Cr13	1.4006	+QT650	420	410	400	385	365	335	305	-	-	-
X17CrNi16-2	1.4057	+QT800	515	495	475	460	440	405	355	-	-	-
X17CrNi16-2	1.4057	+QT900	565	525	505	490	470	430	375	-	-	-
X3CrNiMo13-4	1.4313	+QT650	500	490	480	470	460	450	-	-	-	-
		+QT780	590	575	560	545	530	515	-	-	-	-
		+QT900	720	690	665	640	620	-	-	-	-	-
X4CrNiMo16-5-1	1.4418	+QT760	520	510	500	490	480	-	-	-	-	-
X4CrNiMo16-5-1	1.4418	+QT900	660	640	620	600	580	-	-	-	-	-
Austenitic stainless steel
X2CrNi18-9	1.4307	AT	145	130	118	108	100	94	89	85	81	80
X2CrNi19-11	1.4306	AT	145	130	118	108	100	94	89	85	81	80
X2CrNiN18-10	1.4311	AT	205	175	157	145	136	130	125	121	119	118
X5CrNi18-10	1.4301	AT	155	140	127	118	110	104	98	95	92	90
X6CrNiTi18-10	1.4541	AT	175	165	155	145	136	130	125	121	119	118
X2CrNiMo17-12-2	1.4404	AT	165	150	137	127	119	113	108	103	100	98
X2CrNiMoN17-11-2	1.4406	AT	215	195	175	165	155	150	145	140	138	136
X5CrNiMo17-12-2	1.4401	AT	175	158	145	135	127	120	115	112	110	108
X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2	1.4571	AT	185	175	165	155	145	140	135	131	129	127
X2CrNiMo17-12-3	1.4432	AT	165	150	137	127	119	113	108	103	100	98
X2CrNiMo18-14-3	1.4435	AT	165	150	137	127	119	113	108	103	100	98
X2CrNiMoN17-13-5	1.4439	AT	225	200	185	175	165	155	150	-	-	-
X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5	1.4539	AT	205	190	175	160	145	135	125	115	110	105
X6CrNiNb18-10	1.4550	AT	175	165	155	145	136	130	125	121	119	118
X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2	1.4580	AT	186	177	167	157	145	140	135	131	129	127
X2CrNiMoN17-13-3	1.4429	AT	215	195	175	165	155	150	145	140	138	136
X3CrNiMo17-13-3	1.4436	AT	175	158	145	135	127	120	115	112	110	108
X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4	1.4563	AT	190	175	160	155	150	145	135	125	120	115
X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7	1.4547	AT	230	205	190	180	170	165	160	153	148	-
X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7	1.4529	AT	230	210	190	180	170	165	160	-	-	-
X6CrNi25-20	1.4951	AT	140	128	116	108	100	94	91	86	85	84
Austenitic-ferritic stainless steels (duplex)
X2CrNiMoN22-5-3	1.4462	AT	360	335	315	300	-	-	-	-	-	-
X2CrNiN23-4	1.4362	AT	330	300	280	265	-	-	-	-	-	-
X2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3	1.4507	AT	450	420	400	380	-	-	-	-	-	-
X2CrNiMoN25-7-4	1.4410	AT	450	420	400	380	-	-	-	-	-	-
X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4	1.4501	AT	450	420	400	380	-	-	-	-	-	-

Only austenitic steel have specifed 1.0% proof strength values, which are included in the following table.

Designation		Condition	Minimum 1.0% proof strength Rp1.0 at a temperature of (C)
Steel name	Steel number	Condition	100	150	200	250	300	350	400	450	500	550
Austenitic stainless steel
X2CrNi18-9	1.4307	AT	180	160	145	135	127	121	116	112	109	108
X2CrNi19-11	1.4306	AT	180	160	145	135	127	121	116	112	109	108
X2CrNiN18-10	1.4311	AT	240	210	187	175	167	160	156	152	149	147
X5CrNi18-10	1.4301	AT	190	170	155	145	135	129	125	122	120	120
X6CrNiTi18-10	1.4541	AT	205	195	185	175	167	161	156	152	149	147
X2CrNiMo17-12-2	1.4404	AT	200	180	165	153	145	139	135	130	128	127
X2CrNiMoN17-11-2	1.4406	AT	245	225	205	195	185	180	175	170	168	166
X5CrNiMo17-12-2	1.4401	AT	210	190	175	165	155	150	145	141	139	137
X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2	1.4571	AT	215	205	192	183	175	169	164	160	158	157
X2CrNiMo17-12-3	1.4432	AT	200	180	165	153	145	139	135	130	128	127
X2CrNiMo18-14-3	1.4435	AT	200	180	165	153	145	139	135	130	128	127
X2CrNiMoN17-13-5	1.4439	AT	255	230	210	200	190	180	175	-	-	-
X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5	1.4539	AT	235	220	205	190	175	165	155	145	140	135
X6CrNiNb18-10	1.4550	AT	210	195	185	175	167	161	156	152	149	147
X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2	1.4580	AT	221	206	196	186	175	169	164	160	158	157
X2CrNiMoN17-13-3	1.4429	AT	245	225	205	195	185	180	175	170	168	166
X3CrNiMo17-13-3	1.4436	AT	210	190	175	165	155	150	145	141	139	137
X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4	1.4563	AT	220	205	190	185	180	175	165	155	150	145
X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7	1.4547	AT	270	245	225	212	200	195	190	184	180	-
X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7	1.4529	AT	270	245	225	215	205	195	190	-	-	-
X6CrNi25-20	1.4951	AT	185	167	154	146	139	132	126	123	121	118

Elevated temperature tensile strengths

Only austenitic and duplex steel have specified tensile values, which are shown in the following table.

Designation		Condition	Minimum tensile strength Rm at a temperature of (C)
Steel name	Steel number	Condition	100	150	200	250	300	350	400	450	500	550
Austenitic stainless steel
X2CrNi18-9	1.4307	AT	410	380	360	350	340	340	-	-	-	-
X2CrNi19-11	1.4306	AT	410	380	360	350	340	340	-	-	-	-
X2CrNiN18-10	1.4311	AT	490	460	430	420	410	410	-	-	-	-
X5CrNi18-10	1.4301	AT	450	420	400	390	380	380	380	370	360	330
X6CrNiTi18-10	1.4541	AT	440	410	390	385	375	375	375	370	360	330
X2CrNiMo17-12-2	1.4404	AT	430	410	390	385	380	380	380	-	360	-
X2CrNiMoN17-11-2	1.4406	AT	520	490	460	450	440	435	-	-	-	-
X5CrNiMo17-12-2	1.4401	AT	430	410	390	385	380	380	-	-	-	-
X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2	1.4571	AT	440	410	390	385	375	375	375	370	360	330
X2CrNiMo17-12-3	1.4432	AT	430	410	390	385	380	380	380	375	360	-
X2CrNiMo18-14-3	1.4435	AT	420	400	380	375	370	370	-	-	-	-
X2CrNiMoN17-13-5	1.4439	AT	520	490	460	450	440	435	-	-	-	-
X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5	1.4539	AT	500	480	460	450	440	435	-	-	-	-
X6CrNiNb18-10	1.4550	AT	435	400	370	350	340	335	330	320	310	300
X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2	1.4580	AT	440	410	390	385	375	375	375	370	360	330
X2CrNiMoN17-13-3	1.4429	AT	520	490	460	450	440	435	435	-	430	-
X3CrNiMo17-13-3	1.4436	AT	460	440	420	415	410	410	410	-	390	-
X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4	1.4563	AT	460	445	430	410	400	395	-	-	-	-
X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7	1.4547	AT	615	587	560	542	525	517	510	502	495	-
X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7	1.4529	AT	610	585	560	540	525	515	510	-	-	-
X6CrNi25-20	1.4951	AT	470	450	430	420	410	405	400	385	370	350
Austenitic-ferritic stainless steel (duplex) (Annex B Reference data only)
X2CrNiN23-4	1.4362	AT	540	520	500	490	-	-	-	-	-	-
X2CrNiMoN22-5-3	1.4462	AT	590	570	550	540	-	-	-	-	-	-
X2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3	1.4507	AT	660	640	620	610	-	-	-	-	-	-
X2CrNiMoN25-7-4	1.4410	AT	680	660	640	630	-	-	-	-	-	-
X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4	1.4501	AT	680	660	640	630	-	-	-	-	-	-

Sub-zero temperature mechanical properties

Charpy impact (ISO-V notched test pieces) strengths specified in EN 10272 are expressed in units of J (Joules). The Charpy impact test pieces (55mm long x 10mm square section) can be taken either parallel (longitudinally) or across (transverse) to the rolling direction.
Values shown in the following tables represent longitudinal tests, unless shown as (T) to indicate transverse.

Designation		Condition	Max Thickness mm	Impact Energy (ISO-V) KV min (J) - Longitudinal
Steel name	Steel number	Condition	Max Thickness mm	at +20 C	At -20 C	at -40 C
Ferritic stainless steel
X2CrNi12	1.4003	A	100	60	-	-
Martensitic stainless steels
X12Cr13	1.4006	QT650	160	25	-	-
X17CrNi16-2	1.4057	QT800	160	20 (25 below 60mm)	-	-
X17CrNi16-2	1.4057	QT900	160	15 (20 below 60mm)	-	-
X3CrNiMo13-4	1.4313	QT650	160	70 (50(T) 160 to 250mm)	40	-
		QT780	160	70 (50(T) 160 to 250mm)	-	-
		QT900	160	50 (40(T) 160 to 250mm)	-	-
X4CrNiMo16-5-1	1.4418	QT760	160	90 (70(T) 160 to 250mm)	40	-
X4CrNiMo16-5-1	1.4418	QT900	160	80 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	-	-
Austenitic-ferritic stainless steels (duplex)
X2CrNiMoN22-5-3	1.4462	AT	160	100	-	40
X2CrNiN23-4	1.4362	AT	160	100	-	40
X2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3	1.4507	AT	160	100	-	40
X2CrNiMoN25-7-4	1.4410	AT	160	100	-	40
X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4	1.4501	AT	160	100	-	40

Austenitic steels are included in the following table. Only these steels have specified values for tests done at -196 C (after immersion in liquid nitrogen).

Designation		Max Thickness mm	Impact Energy (ISO-V) KV min (J) - Longitudinal
Steel name	Steel number	Max Thickness mm	At +20 C	At -196 C
X2CrNi18-9	1.4307	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X2CrNi19-11	1.4306	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X2CrNiN18-10	1.4311	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X5CrNi18-10	1.4301	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X6CrNiTi18-10	1.4541	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X2CrNiMo17-12-2	1.4404	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X2CrNiMoN17-11-2	1.4406	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X5CrNiMo17-12-2	1.4401	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2	1.4571	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X2CrNiMo17-12-3	1.4432	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X2CrNiMo18-14-3	1.4435	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X2CrNiMoN17-13-5	1.4439	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5	1.4539	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X6CrNiNb18-10	1.4550	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	40 (T)
X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2	1.4580	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	---
X2CrNiMoN17-13-3	1.4429	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X3CrNiMo17-13-3	1.4436	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4	1.4563	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7	1.4547	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	60 (T)
X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7	1.4529	160	100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	40 (T)
X6CrNi25-20	1.4951		100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm)	---

Heat treatment conditions

EN 10272 provides guidance on heat treatment and hot forming temperature ranges and cooling conditions.
Only the heat treatment conditions are included here. For the suggested temperatures for hot forming operations, see tables A.1, A.2 and A.3 of the standard.

Steel number	H T Symbol	Quench/anneal (1)	Cooling (2)	Temper (3)
1.4003	A	680/740	a	-
1.4006	A	745/825	a	-
1.4006	QT650	950/1000	a,o	680/780
1.4057	A	680/800	a	-
	QT800	950/1000	a,o	750/800 + 650/700
	QT900	950/1000	a,o	600/650
1.4313	A	600/650	a	-
	QT650	950/1050	a,o	650/700 + 600/620
	QT780	950/1050	a,o	550/600
	QT900	950/1050	a,o	520/580
1.4418	A	600/650	a	-
	QT760	950/1050	a,o	590/620
	QT900	950/1050	a,o	550/620
1.4307, 1.4306, 1.4311, 1.4301	AT	1000/1100	a,w	-
1.4541, 1.4404, 1.4406, 1.4401, 1.4571, 1.4432,	AT	1020/1120	a,w	-
1.4435, 1.4439, 1.4550, 1.4580, 1.4429, 1.4436	AT	1020/1120	a,w	-
1.4539, 1.4563	AT	1050/1150	a,w	-
1.4547	AT	1140/1200	a,w	-
1.4529	AT	1120/1180	a,w	-
1.4462	AT	1020/1100	a,w	-
1.4362	AT	950/1050	a,w	-
1.4507, 1.4410, 1.4501	AT	1040/1120	w	-

Notes
1 Quenching or solution annealing temperature C
2 Type of cooling a - air ; o - oil ; w - water
3 Tempering treatment temperature C
A - annealed AT - solution annealed QT - quenched and tempered