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Temperature

Melting Temperature Ranges for Stainless Steel






Stainless steel are alloys and therefore do not melt and freeze at a fixed temperature, as do metallic elements, but over a temperature range, depending on the chemical composition of the steel. Alloy additions also suppress (lower) the melting range. Pure iron (Fe) has a fixed melting point of 1535°C, chromium (Cr) 1890C and nickel (Ni) 1453°C compared to a range of 1400-1450°C for type 304 stainless steel.

Significance of melting ranges

Melting ranges are very important to the steelmakers as the success of the melting and casting operations depends on the correct selection of temperature. Once solidified and primary processed (rolling or forging) by the steelmaker, the melting temperature has little significance to designers, engineers and steel users.

Although melting temperature does influence elevated temperature properties, such as creep strength, this is only of interest to researchers. Data on creep strength at various service temperatures is available.

Melting range does not directly affect the oxidation resistance of individual heat resisting stainless steel. This is linked more closely to chromium content and is illustrated by comparing 304 and 310 types.Maximum service temperatures in air for stainless steel

Both have the same melting range of 1400-1450°C, but the maximum service temperatures in air atmospheres are 870°C for 304 type and 1050°C for 310 type.



Melting Ranges

The following table, taken from the
ASM Specialty Handbook 'Stainless Steels'
shows the melting ranges in degrees C (°C) of some of the common stainless steel grades, grouped in their melting ranges for comparison.

Melting Range (°C) Steel Types
1325-1400 254SMO
1370-1480 440A, 440C
1375-1400 316, 316L,
1385-1445 2205
1400-1420 301,
1400-1425 330, 321, 347,
1400-1440 17-4PH
1400-1450 201, 304, 304L, 305, 309, 310,
1425-1510 430, 446
1450-1510 420
1480-1530 409, 410, 416,

   Stainless Steel Tubing, Nickel Alloy Tubing, Brass Alloy Tubing, Copper Nickel Pipe Material Grades


Related References:
Melting Temperature of Metals
Temperature Effects on Metal Strength
High Temperature Stainless Steel Tubes
High Temperature Stainless Steel Tubes
High Temperature Property Stainless Steel
Heat resistant Stainless Steel Tubes
High Temperature Change Stainless Steel Mechnical Properties
Select Stainless Steel by high temperature condition refer table
Properties at Cryogenic Temperatures of Stainless Steel Tubes

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904L N08094 Seamless Tubes
17-4 PH 630 UNS S17400 Stainless Steel
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2507 Super Duplex Pipe
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ASTM A213 | ASTM A269
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EN 10216-5
ASTM A789 ASME SA 789 S31803 S32205 S32101 S32750 S32760 S32304 S31500 S31260 Seamless Tubes
EN 10216-5 1.4462 1.4362 1.4162 1.4410 1.4501 Seamless Tubes
Nickel Alloy Tubing:

UNS N08020 Alloy 20 Tubing
UNS N02200 Alloy 200 Tube
UNS N02201 Alloy 201 Pipe
UNS N04400 Monel 400 Tubing
N06600 Inconel 600 Tube
N06601 Inconel 601 Tubing
N06625 Inconel 625 Tubes
N08800 Incoloy 800 Tube
N08810 Incoloy 800H Tube
N08811 Incoloy 800HT Tubing
UNS N08825 Incoloy 825 Pipe
ASTM B622 N10276 C276 Tubing
ASTM B622 N06022 Hastelloy C-22 Alloy Tubes
C28000 Brass Seamless Tubes C44300 Brass Seamless Tubes
C68700 Brass Seamless Tubes
C70600 Copper Nickel Tubes
C71500 Copper Nickel Tubes
DIN 2391 Seamless Precision Steel Tubes
EN 10305-1 E215 E235 E355 Seamless Precision Steel Tube Tubing Tubes
DIN 2393 St28 St34.2 St37.2 St44.2 St52.3 Welded Precision Steel Tubes
EN 10305-2 E195 E235 E355 Welded Cold Drawn Precision Steel Tube