Zhejiang Guanyu Stainless Steel Tube Co., Ltd  
  Directory | Useful Tool | Sitemap | Contact US | Home

         

Selection

Selection of Stainless Steel for Surgical Instrument






Stainless steel for surgical instrument are specified in ENISO 7153-1:2001, which incorporates BS 5194-1:1991. This edition renumbered the previous ISO 7153-1:1991 as the EN ISO 7153-1:2001. This covers metallic material for surgical instruments, part one covering only stainless steel.

The standard gives each steel grade a 'Reference Letter', with only cross references to ISO 4957 and ISO 683-13 standard grades. There are 11 martensitic steels, 1 ferritic steel and 4 austenitic steel in Table 2 of the standard. Most instrument manufacturers regard these stainless steel grades as generic and tend to also refer to European or national standard.

The compositions are summarized below.

Steel grade Chemical composition %
Ref ISO4957 ISO683-13 C Si max Mn max P max S Cr Mo Ni Others
Martensitic stainless steel
A - 3 0.09-0.15 1 1 0.04 0.03x 11.5-13.5 - 1x -
B 27 4 0.16-0.25 1 1 0.04 0.03x 12-14 - 1x -
C 28 5 0.26-0.35 1 1 0.04 0.03x 12-14 - 1 -
D - - 0.42-0.50 1 1 0.04 0.03x 12.5-14.5 - 1x -
E - - 0.47-0.57 0.5 1 0.03 0.025x 13.7-15.2 - 0.5x -
F - - 0.6-0.7 0.5 1 0.03 0.025x 12-13.5 - 0.5x -
G - - 0.65-0.75 1 1 0.04x 0.03x 12-14 0.5x 1x -
H - - 0.35-0.4 1 1 0.045 0.03x 14-15 0.4-0.6 - V:0.1-0.15
I - - 0.42-0.55 1 1 0.045 0.03x 12-15 0.45-0.9 - V:0.1-0.15
K 30 - 0.33-0.43 1 1 0.03 0.03x 15-17 1-1.5 1x -
R - - 0.85-0.95 1 1 0.045 0.03x 17-19 0.9-1.3 - V:0.07-0.12
Ferritic Stainless Steel
L - 8a 0.08x 1 1.5 0.06 0.15-0.35 16-18 0.06x 1x -
Austenitic Stainless Steel
M - 11 0.07x 1 2 0.045 0.03x 17-19 - 8-11 -
N - 17 0.12x 1 2 0.06 0.15-0.35 17-19 8-10 -
O - 14 0.15x 1 2 0.045 0.03x 16-18 - 6-8 -
P - 20 0.07x 1 2 0.045 0.03x 16.5-18.5 2-2.5 10.5-13.5 -

These grades do not match steel numbers in EN 10088-1, but the following comparison may be useful in identifying these steel types. These alternatives are for guidance only and must not be used when specifying instruments to ENISO 7153-1:2000



ENISO 7153-1 BS (AISI) Type / EN 10088-1 Nearest
A 410S21 / 1.4006
B 420S29 / 1.4021
C 420S45 / 1.4028
D 1.4034
I 1.4116
K 1.4122
L 1.4105
M 304S31 / 1.4301
N 303S31 / 1.4305
O 301S21 / 1.4310
P 316S31 / 1.4401

Applications

Table 1 of the standard gives examples of the applications for which each of the grades is suitable. These are under general headings of 'cutting instruments', 'non-cutting instruments' and 'fitting parts and other assemblies'. The standard should be consulted for this comprehensive list of preferred uses.

The instrument types mentioned are suitable for both dental and surgical instruments.

Grades A, B and C would be generally described as 410 / 420 types and are used extensively for dental and surgical instruments. They offer moderate corrosion resistance in comparison to other types of stainless steel (eg austenitic and duplex grades). They are used for applications where cutting edges, wear resistance and strength are required. A good combination of corrosion resistance and a range of mechanical strength via heat treatment can be expected from these grades.

Long service lives should be expected from martensitic stainless steel dental and surgical instruments, properly manufactured and subjected to appropriate cleaning procedures. For example, dental extraction forceps usually have an average service life of 15 years. There are some examples where such instruments have given 30 years service life. Other more delicate instruments and those with cutting edges may be expected to have a much shorter service lives, but they should not be expected to suffer corrosion damage.

Corrosion resistance

Corrosion problems associated with martensitic stainless steels tend to be related to either process deficiencies or substances encountered in clinical practice. Process deficiencies include incorrect heat treatment (usually apparent from the distribution of carbides in the microstructure), iron contamination from grinding/finishing operations, over-heating during grinding operations or selection of an inappropriate grade.

Corrosion testing

Most of the ISO product standards for dental and surgical instruments refer to ISO 13402, which specifies corrosion tests based on the methods of sterilisation commonly encountered by these products. Martensitic stainless steels should meet the requirement of ISO product standards with ease (ie resistance to autoclaving, corrosion and thermal exposure).

Sterilization practice

Corrosion problems associated with clinical practice tend to be associated with contact with aggressive substances (eg chloride-containing disinfectants) and/or inappropriate exposure times to such substances. For example, steam sterilisers (autoclaves) should use distilled, de-ionised or sterile water and not tap water for sterilisation or there is a risk of corrosion.

Prior to sterilisation, contaminated instruments may be soaked in a disinfectant. On one occasion, neat Milton solution (approx. 16% sodium chloride) was used and the instruments were soaked over a weekend. Extensive corrosion occurred in this case.

  Stainless Steel Tube/Pipe/Tubing, Nickel Alloy Tubing, Brass Alloy Tubing, Copper Nickel Pipe Material Grades


TubingChina.com All Rights Reserved

Directory | Standard | Heat | Heat Exchanger | Temperature | Pressure | Corrosion | Hardness | Surface | Properties | Select Stainless Steel | Contact US

Useful Tools:

Stainless Steel Weight Calculator
Metals Weight Calculator
Nickel Alloy Weight Calculator
Copper Brass Alloy Weight Calculator
Copper Brass Alloy Sheet Plate Weight Calculator
Sheet Plate Weight Calculator
Hardness Conversion Calculator
Hardness Conversion Chart
Rockwell Brinell Vickers Shore Hardness Conversion Chart
Conversion Calculator
Length Weight Temperature Volume Pressure Calculater
Pipe Working Pressure Calculator
Pressure Conversion Converter
Round Bar Size Calculator
Gauge Sizes
Sheet Metal Gauge
Pipe Schedule
Nominal Pipe Size
ANSI Pipe Chart
Inch to mm Chart
Stainless Steel Pipe Sizes
Stainless Steel Tubing Sizes Chart
Stainless Steel L H Grade
Stainless Steel Density
Conversion of Stainless Steel
Nickel Alloy Grades Comparison Material Grade Chart Carbon Steel
Structural Steel Comparison Chart



Main Products:

BA Tube | AP Tube
Condenser Tubes Tubing
Stainless Steel Reheater Tube Superheater Tubes
Stainless Steel U bend Tube
Nickel Alloy U bend Tubes
Copper Alloy U Bend Tubes
Heat Exchanger Tube
Super Duplex Pipe
Nickel Alloy Tube
Brass Alloy Tubing
Copper Nickel Alloys Tubes
Stainless Steel Hollow Tube
Stainless Steel Oval Tubing
Stainless Steel Square Tubing
Stainless Steel Rectangular Tubing
Stainless Steel Capillary Tube
Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe
Seamless Stainless Steel Tubing
Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing
Stainless Steel Twisted Tube
Polishing Stainless Steel Tubing
Stainless Steel Aircraft Tube
Stainless Steel Hydraulic Tubing
Stainless Steel Instrumentation Tubing
Stainless Steel Angle Iron Bar
Stainless Steel Mechanical Tube
Bright Annealing Stainless Tube
Heat resistant Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel Welded Pipe
Extruded Serrated Finned Tubes Integral Finned Tubes / Extruded Aluminum Finned Tubes
Brass Alloys Copper Nickel Alloy Integral Low Finned Tubes
HFW High Frequency Welded Helical Spiral Serrated Finned Tubes
Corrosion Resistant Stainless Steel
Corrosion Resistance Stainless Steel

Stainless Steel Tubing Pipe

304 Stainless Steel Pipe
304L Stainless Steel Pipe
304H Stainless Steel Pipe
304/304L Stainless Steel Tubing
309S Stainless Steel Pipe
310S Stainless Steel Pipe
316L Stainless Steel Tubing
316Ti Stainless Steel Tube
317L Stainless Steel Pipe
321 321H Stainless Steel
347 347H Stainless Steel
904L N08094 Seamless Tubes
17-4 PH 630 UNS S17400 Stainless Steel
253MA S30815 Stainless Steel Tube
S31254 254 SMO Pipe
S31803 Stainless Steel
2205 Duplex Pipe Tubing
S32101 Stainless Steel
S32304 Stainless Steel
2507 Super Duplex Pipe
S32750 Super Duplex Pipe
S32760 Super Duplex Steel
1.4462 Stainless Steel Pipe
ASTM A213 | ASTM A269
ASTM A312 | ASTM A511
ASTM A789 | ASTM A790
ASTM B161 / ASME SB 161 | ASTM B111
EN 10216-5
ASTM A789 ASME SA 789 S31803 S32205 S32101 S32750 S32760 S32304 S31500 S31260 Seamless Tubes
EN 10216-5 1.4462 1.4362 1.4162 1.4410 1.4501 Seamless Tubes
Nickel Alloy Tubing:

UNS N08020 Alloy 20 Tubing
UNS N02200 Alloy 200 Tube
UNS N02201 Alloy 201 Pipe
UNS N04400 Monel 400 Tubing
N06600 Inconel 600 Tube
N06601 Inconel 601 Tubing
N06625 Inconel 625 Tubes
N08800 Incoloy 800 Tube
N08810 Incoloy 800H Tube
N08811 Incoloy 800HT Tubing
UNS N08825 Incoloy 825 Pipe
ASTM B622 N10276 C276 Tubing
ASTM B622 N06022 Hastelloy C-22 Alloy Tubes
C28000 Brass Seamless Tubes C44300 Brass Seamless Tubes
C68700 Brass Seamless Tubes
C70600 Copper Nickel Tubes
C71500 Copper Nickel Tubes
DIN 2391 Seamless Precision Steel Tubes
EN 10305-1 E215 E235 E355 Seamless Precision Steel Tube Tubing Tubes
DIN 2393 St28 St34.2 St37.2 St44.2 St52.3 Welded Precision Steel Tubes
EN 10305-2 E195 E235 E355 Welded Cold Drawn Precision Steel Tube