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Different Stainless Steel Useage






There are three major classes of stainless steel are:

Austenitic: Chromium-nickel-iron alloys with 16-26% chromium, 6-22% nickel (Ni), and low carbon content, with non-magnetic properties (if annealed - working it at low temperature, then heated and cooled). Nickel increases corrosion resistance. Hardenable by cold-working (worked at low temperatures) as well as tempering (heated then cooled). Type 304 (S30400) or "18/8" (18% chromium 8% nickel), is the most commonly used grade or composition.

Martensitic: Chromium-iron alloys with 10.5-17% chromium and carefully controlled carbon content, hardenable by quenching (quickly cooled in water or oil) and tempering (heated then cooled). It has magnetic properties. Commonly used in knives. Martensitic grades are strong and hard, but are brittle and difficult to form and weld. Type 420 (S42000) is a typical example.

Ferritic: Chromium-iron alloys with 17-27% chromium and low carbon content, with magnetic properties. Cooking utensils made of this type contain the higher chromium levels. Type 430 is the most commonly used ferritic.

Two additional classes worth mentioning include Duplex (with austenitic and ferritic structures), and Precipitation Hardening stainless steel, used in certain extreme conditions.The austenitic microstructure is most commonly used for knives and cooking utensils. It is very tough, hardened through a process that consists of heating, cooling and heating. It resists scaling and retains strength at high temperatures.

Both ferritic and austenitic are used in kitchenware and household appliances. Austenitics are preferred in the food industry and beverage equipment due to the superior corrosion resistance and ease of cleaning. Type 301, for example, is an austenitic stainless steel, with 17% chromium, 7% nickel, and .05% carbon, and is widely used for institutional food preparation utensils.

You can easily make do with the lesser quality cookware for most oven use. For stovetop cooking, however, don’t skimp on quality; buy only the better ones. Most manufacturers of high quality cookware use stainless steel similar to the Type 304 grade, with thick heat diffusing bottoms. Metals that provide better diffusion of heat, such as copper and aluminum, are attached to the bottom for heat diffusion, to prevent hot spots and uneven cooking.

Low quality cutlery is generally made out of grades like 409 and 430 (ferritic), while the finest Sheffield cutlery uses specially produced 410 and 420 (martensitic) for the knives, and 304 (austenitic) for the spoons and forks. Grades like the 410/420 can be hardened and tempered so that the knife blades will take a sharp edge, whereas the more ductile 304 stainless is easier to work and therefore more suitable for objects that have to undergo numerous shaping, buffing and grinding processes.


ELC Extra Low Carbon Stabilized Molybdenum Grades

Selection of Welding Consumables Filler

Selection of Welding Consumable for Welding Stainless Steel

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Stainless Steel Tubing Pipe

304 Stainless Steel Pipe
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304/304L Stainless Steel Tubing
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316L Stainless Steel Tubing
316Ti Stainless Steel Tube
317L Stainless Steel Pipe
321 321H Stainless Steel
347 347H Stainless Steel
904L N08094 Seamless Tubes
17-4 PH 630 UNS S17400 Stainless Steel
253MA S30815 Stainless Steel Tube
S31254 254 SMO Pipe
S31803 Stainless Steel
2205 Duplex Pipe Tubing
S32101 Stainless Steel
S32304 Stainless Steel
2507 Super Duplex Pipe
S32750 Super Duplex Pipe
S32760 Super Duplex Steel
1.4462 Stainless Steel Pipe
ASTM A213 | ASTM A269
ASTM A312 | ASTM A511
ASTM A789 | ASTM A790
ASTM B161 / ASME SB 161 | ASTM B111
EN 10216-5
ASTM A789 ASME SA 789 S31803 S32205 S32101 S32750 S32760 S32304 S31500 S31260 Seamless Tubes
EN 10216-5 1.4462 1.4362 1.4162 1.4410 1.4501 Seamless Tubes
Nickel Alloy Tubing:

UNS N08020 Alloy 20 Tubing
UNS N02200 Alloy 200 Tube
UNS N02201 Alloy 201 Pipe
UNS N04400 Monel 400 Tubing
N06600 Inconel 600 Tube
N06601 Inconel 601 Tubing
N06625 Inconel 625 Tubes
N08800 Incoloy 800 Tube
N08810 Incoloy 800H Tube
N08811 Incoloy 800HT Tubing
UNS N08825 Incoloy 825 Pipe
ASTM B622 N10276 C276 Tubing
ASTM B622 N06022 Hastelloy C-22 Alloy Tubes
C28000 Brass Seamless Tubes C44300 Brass Seamless Tubes
C68700 Brass Seamless Tubes
C70600 Copper Nickel Tubes
C71500 Copper Nickel Tubes
DIN 2391 Seamless Precision Steel Tubes
EN 10305-1 E215 E235 E355 Seamless Precision Steel Tube Tubing Tubes
DIN 2393 St28 St34.2 St37.2 St44.2 St52.3 Welded Precision Steel Tubes
EN 10305-2 E195 E235 E355 Welded Cold Drawn Precision Steel Tube