Mechanical Properties of 304L Stainless Steel
Room Temperature Mechanical Properties
Minimum mechanical properties for annealed Alloys 304 and 304L austenitic stainless steel tube as required by ASTM specifications A240 and ASME specification SA-240 are shown below.
| Properties |
Minimum Mechanical Properties
Required by ASTM A213 & ASME SA-213 |
| 304 |
304L |
304H |
0.2% Offset
Yield
Strength,
psi
MPa |
30,000
205 |
25,000
170 |
30,000
205 |
Ultimate
Tensile
Strength,
psi
MPa |
75,000
515 |
70,000
485 |
75,000
515 |
Percent
Elongation in
2 in. or 51 mm |
40.0 |
40.0 |
40.0 |
Hardness,
Max.,
Brinell
RB |
201
92 |
201
92 |
201
92 |
Low and Elevated Temperature Properties
Typical short time tensile property data for low and elevated temperatures are shown below. At temperatures of 1000°F (538°C) or higher, creep and stress rupture become considerations. Typical creep and stress rupture data are also shown below.
Test
Temperature |
0.2% Yield
Strength |
Tensile
Strength |
Elongation |
| °F |
°C |
psi |
(MPa) |
psi |
(MPa) |
Percent in
2" or
51mm |
| -423 |
-253 |
100,000 |
690 |
250,000 |
1725 |
25 |
| -320 |
-196 |
70,000 |
485 |
230,000 |
1585 |
35 |
| -100 |
-79 |
50,000 |
354 |
150,000 |
1035 |
50 |
| 70 |
21 |
35,000 |
240 |
90,000 |
620 |
60 |
| 400 |
205 |
23,000 |
160 |
70,000 |
485 |
50 |
| 800 |
427 |
19,000 |
130 |
66,000 |
455 |
43 |
| 1200 |
650 |
15,500 |
105 |
48,000 |
330 |
34 |
| 1500 |
815 |
13,000 |
90 |
23,000 |
160 |
46 |
Impact Resistance
The annealed austenitic stainless steel maintain high impact resistance even at cryogenic temperatures, a property which, in combination with their low temperature strength and fabricability, has led to their use in handling liquified natural gas and other cryogenic environments. Typical Charpy V-notch impact data are shown below.
| Temperature |
Charpy V-Notch Energy Absorbed |
| °F |
°C |
Foot - pounds |
Joules |
| 75 |
23 |
150 |
200 |
| -320 |
-196 |
85 |
115 |
| -425 |
-254 |
85 |
115 |
Fatigue Strength
The fatigue strength or endurance limit is the maximum stress below which material is unlikely to fail in 10 million cycles in air environment. The fatigue strength for austenitic stainless steel pipe, as a group, is typically about 35 percent of the tensile strength. Substantial variability in service results is experienced since additional variables influence fatigue strength. As examples – increased smoothness of surface improves strength, increased corrosivity of service environment decreases strength.
General Properties
Chemical Composition
Resistance to Corrosion
Physical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Welding
Heat Treatment
Cleaning
304/304L/304LN/304H Tubing and Pipe
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Brinell and Rockwell Hardness Conversion Chart
Hardness Testing General
Brinell Hardness Testing
Rockwell Hardness Testing
Vickers Hardness Testing
Carbon Low Alloy Steel and Cast Steel Hardness Conversion Table
Rockwell Rockwell Superficial Brinell Vickers Shore Hardness Conversion Table
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